俄國政治發展轉型之研究

Abstract

俄國歷來國家發展道路的方向，都在歷任國家領導人的主導下前行，在沙皇統治時期，君主專制體制延續千年。其後蘇聯在共產黨一黨專政的政治體制下歷經七十多年，直到戈巴契夫上台後進行連串的政治體制「改造」，終止蘇聯一黨專政的局面，俄國的政治發展有了全新契機。俄國的政治發展有與其體制相適應的特殊歷史與政治文化存在，本文將由此觀點探討在俄國歷史的政治發展轉型期中，對俄國有過重大影響的數位國家主要領導人作為，做一扼要回顧與檢證。 The way of national development of Russia were directed by the leaders of country. The Empire of the Tsars controlled Russia under autocratic system. Then Communists controlled the country under one party and dictatorship over seventy years. The political development of Russia have new change up to Gorbachev`s policy of \"Perestroika\". Whether the political developments in Russia have some adoption with their special histories and political culture. This article discusses and proves the transition of political development according some important leaders of Russia.