家庭所得階層對創業決策影響之研究—我國家戶資料的實證分析

Abstract

本研究使用中央研究院人文社會科學研究中心所發布的2017年「台灣社會變遷基本調查」之資料，針對家庭所得背景對於創業決策的影響，以及家庭所得階層與創業之間其他的交互影響進行實證探討。研究結果發現來自年少時期越高所得階層的樣本成爲創業者的可能性越大；而家庭所得階層越高的樣本在創業時，越有可能選擇資本或技術密集度較高的專業產業。此外，創業對於所得階層的流動有顯著的正向影響，顯示創業降低了所得階層的延續，有利於所得階層的流動。

Previous studies have shown that the majority of entrepreneurs in earlier periods of Taiwan came from low-income families. However, as the economic conditions have improved, an increasing number of people aim at market opportunities and choose to be entrepreneurs to seize the opportunities. People from higher income classes usually have more advantages in this new type of entrepreneurial activities. Therefore, this paper re-examines empirically the relationship between income classes and entrepreneurial decisions. Moreover, we also examine the choice of industries of entrepreneurs from different income classes and whether starting a business provides an opportunity of upward social mobility. The results show that individuals from higher income classes are more likely to become entrepreneurs, and that entrepreneurs from higher income classes are more likely to enter industries with higher entry barriers. The results also show that starting a business has significant impacts on social mobility, providing a channel for upward social mobility.