「我」在展覽中－社群中介的美術館觀展者

Abstract

隨著攝影科技以及社群媒體的蓬勃發展，拍照打卡已成為美術館觀展中不可忽視的文化現象，這些由觀展者在社群平台以圖文留下的觀展足跡，形成了可觀的觀展者研究資料庫。循此背景，本研究以「觀展者」為主體來思考，重新審視社群時代美術館觀展者與藝術展覽之間的關係，並從中剖析當今的藝術觀看與參與型態產生的轉變。\n\n本研究透過文本分析初步了解觀展者貼文樣態，並藉由深度訪談與田野觀察，進一步了解觀展者的思考與行為歷程。以強調視覺美感、與美術館展覽特性相互呼應的Instagram作為線上研究場域，由2019年《美少女の美術史》、2020年《一分鐘台北：歐文．沃姆個展》以及《2020台北雙年展：你我不住在同一星球上》三檔展覽作為案例，完整分析當今觀展者流動於線上社群平台和線下美術館的觀展樣態。\n\n研究者發現當今的藝術參與型態，不僅僅由館方開啟一條通路、觀展者被動地在引導指示下進行互動，而是立基於不同的展覽特性，由觀展者帶著各自的想法開展出多元的觀展樣態，主動將身體以視覺化的方式與藝術作品融合，使自身成為可被觀看的展示主體與藝術作品進行對話。此外，觀展者基於Instagram著重視覺美感的特性，對所見的藝術作品加工和再創，透過圖文編排形成具個人特色的貼文展示，使觀展者不只作為「觀看者」，同時也具有「創作者」與「策展者」的特質。從觀展者視角出發、結合傳播學觀點的觀眾研究，除了能提供美術館不同的思考觀點之外，亦在藝術參與型態上開啟更多討論的可能性。

With the development of photography technology and social media, taking photos and checking in at art museums have become an unignorable social phenomenon. These exhibition footprints left by the visitors with pictures and texts on social media have formed a considerable research database of visitors. Based on the aforementioned background, this study focuses on "visitors" and re-examines the relationship between museum visitors and art exhibitions in the era of social media, to analyze the changes in art viewing and participation patterns nowadays.\n\nThis study uses text analysis to get a preliminary understanding of the visitors’ online posts. Taking Instagram as an online research field, this study analyzes the exhibitions of BISHOJO: Young Pretty Girls in Art History (2019), One Minute in Taipei (2020), and Taipei Biennial 2020: You and I Don’t Live on The Same Planet (2020) to fully understand how visitors are like in exhibitions on-line and off-line.\n\nThe study discovers that instead of museums offering the only access and visitors passively interacting with artworks under the guidance and instructions, the current art participation pattern becomes that visitors take the initiative to take photos with artworks from their points of view to communicate with different kinds of art exhibitions. Furthermore, visitors re-create artworks by using Instagram to retouch the photos they took in exhibitions and exhibit them on social media. In this case, visitors are not only viewers but also creators and curators in their social platforms. From the view of visitors and communication, this visitor study could provide different viewpoints and more discussion of art participation.