忙碌代表著什麼？ 工作忙碌感與後續結果之探討

Abstract

忙碌在現代社會中是非常普及的現象，對工作者來說更是日常用來形容生活近況的描述，雖然忙碌此一現象在少數研究領域有被提及，但在組織行為中卻鮮少地被探討。因此，本研究將聚焦於忙碌此一現象，探討現今工作者的忙碌狀態，將其概念化後並作為預測因子，進一步地探討對工作者產生的影響。在整理過往研究不一致的觀點後，本研究依據對與任務的自主性程度將工作忙碌感分為兩種類型：「自主型工作忙碌感」與「被控型工作忙碌感」，並以自我決定論的自主性概念為基礎，探討這兩種類型的忙碌感是否會透過工作旺盛感及工作疏離感的中介作用，進而影響到個體的主觀幸福感、工作滿意度以及組織公民行為。本研究採用問卷調查法，以台灣全職工作者作為研究對象，共蒐集了221份有效樣本，研究結果顯示，本研究對於工作忙碌感區分是成立的，且根據後續分析結果，自主型工作忙碌感的工作者較能產生正向的心理狀態，進而產生對自身正面的評價，以及正向的行為展現；而被控型工作忙碌感的工作者較會產生負向的心理狀態，進而產生對自身及工作較低的評價。最後，本研究針對研究結果進行討論，並對理論貢獻、實務意涵、研究限制，以及未來研究方向加以闡述。

Busyness is a common issue in modern society. For workers, this word is often used to describe their everyday life. Although the phenomenon of busyness has been studied in some research fields, it is rarely discussed in the field of organizational behaviors. Therefore, this research focuses on the phenomenon of busyness and explore the busyness of today’s worker. We conceptualize the phenomenon and use it as a predictor to further explore the impact on workers. After combing the inconsistent perspectives in previous researches, this study classifies the concept of busyness at work into two types according to the degree of autonomy one has in the task. These two types are defined respectively as “autonomous busyness at work” and “Controlled busyness at work”. Based on the concept of autonomy in Self-determination theory (SDT), the study then explores whether these two types of busyness at work will have different impact on one’s subjective well-being, job satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behaviors through the mediation effect of thriving at work and work alienation. With 221 validated data collected from full-time employees in Taiwan to examine the hypothesized relationships. The results show that (1) The two types of busyness at work can be differentiated, (2) Workers with autonomous busyness at work are more likely to have positive psychological state, and then lead to positive evaluations of themselves, and positive work behaviors; (3) On the other hand, workers with controlled busyness at work are more likely to have negative psychological state, which in turn lead to lower evaluations of themselves and work. Finally, this study discusses the research results, and elaborates on theoretical contributions, practical implications, research limitations, and future research directions.