撒奇萊雅族火神祭「Sakizaya Palamal」祭儀之重建意義與內涵

Abstract

本文藉由回溯撒奇萊雅族火神祭（Palamal）的重建過程，解析火神祭儀式之意義與內涵，並綜整2006至2020年撒奇萊雅族火神祭紀略，檢視火神祭如何在年復一年的傳述實行成為當代撒奇萊雅人所共享的集體記憶。撒奇萊雅族人追祀祖靈的火神祭於2006年首次辦理，時至今日已成為臺灣原住民族重要祭典之一。火神祭以祖靈祭中迎靈、娛靈、送靈的祭儀結構為基底，逐步融入繞祭突圍、交戰殺敵、抬喪移靈、娛靈祈福、祭禱安靈、火燒祭屋等具有紀念達固部灣戰役之歷史意義與內涵的儀式程序，凝聚民族意識、強化族群識別、建立傳承機制，並在2015年從花蓮原鄉部落擴展至桃園由居住在都會區的撒奇萊雅族人辦理。火神祭與撒奇萊雅族復振運動有不可分割的關係，映照著撒奇萊雅族當代傳承的多面反思，亦是撒奇萊雅族人藉由集體表述與族群動員，凝聚民族認同的重要表徵。

This article presents an overview and symbolism of Sakizaya Palamal (The Fire God Ritual). Sakizaya is one of Taiwan`s Austronesian peoples which had been recognized as Amis by Taiwan`s government. Palamal is a memorial ceremony which Sakiazya people worship their ancestors. Nowadays, Palaml became the significance cultural manifestation of Sakizaya people which can rebuild their ethnic identity. Young generation of Sakizaya people brought this ritual to Taoyuan (urban city) from Hualien (tribe). This paper summarizes the ritual records of Palamal from 2006 to 2020 to include how it becomes collectivized and collective memory.