論居住正義及其解方：臺灣與臺北

Abstract

本研究討論當前居住正義之內涵，認為居住為人類社會之「基本權利」，應儘可能並兼顧優先提供社會處境最不利的成員適宜的居住環境，亦即體現「適足居住權」為實踐居住正義的重要方針，而在評價適足居住權七項關鍵指標中，本文以較具可操作性的「可負擔性（affordability）」指標開展，以臺北市為案例，研究發現臺北市「房價所得比」及「租金所得比」均屬高度不可負擔，加上「市場失靈」、「政府失靈」及「治理失靈」，更加劇房價及租金高不可攀程度。由於住宅商品化、私有化和金融化日趨嚴重，可負擔住宅已成為亞洲城市的重要議題，而台灣及臺北正深處居住不正義困境。本研究就居住不正義之問題，分析其根本原因，針對各問題研擬解決對策，再依現行各機關權責劃分，以及各解決對策之重覆性排列其優先順序，提出中央與地方政府（含行政、立法、司法部門）之關鍵解方，期待有助於居住正義更向前邁進。

This paper deliberates the contemporary housing justice, as a human right, whether its practice gives the earnest priority to underprivileged minorities with maximal interests and equal development opportunities, and meets the 7 criteria of the right to adequate housing. Particularly, the discourse extends from affordability, the easiest factor to be evaluated among the others, and takes Taipei, Taiwan as a case study, which possesses extremely unaffordable ratio of house prices and rent to income, and the serious market failure, government failure and governance failure have further deteriorated the injustice. As housing commodification, privatization and financialization become more and more serious, affordable housing has become an important issue in Asian cities, and Taiwan and Taipei are deep in the injustice of living. This study analyzes the root causes of housing injustice, develops solutions to each problem, and then prioritizes them according to the current division of powers and responsibilities of each agency and the repetition of each solution In order, put forward key solutions for the central and local governments (including administrative, legislative, and judicial departments), and look forward to helping housing justice move forward.