國家司法與民族自尊：牛蘭事件下的政治角力

Abstract

牛蘭事件是國民政府時期重大的國際間諜案，此案引起國內外輿論的沸騰，各方勢力為此展開營救行動。耐人尋味的是，1931年案件發生時蘇聯在華並無特權，兩國亦無邦交。那麼，為何牛蘭事件在當時會被視為收回治外法權的一次契機？為何一起間諜案會引發中國人的民族自尊問題？整起事件是中共在經歷立三路線後的政治餘波，同時也導致了共產國際在遠東活動的受挫。牛蘭事件的破獲被中國國民黨中央組織部調查科視為重要戰果，時任總幹事的張沖又如何與來自共產國際特務進行鬥爭？這些問題是本文關注的焦點。

The Noulens Affair, a major international espionage case while the Nationalist Government was in power, once caused a heated discussion among the public both at home and abroad, and various forces launched rescue operations thereby. However, what is thought-provoking is that the Soviet Union had not yet established diplomatic relations with China and could enjoy no privileges in China when the case happened in 1931. Why is the Noulens Affair, therefore, seen as China`s opportunity to recover extraterritoriality? What does an espionage case have anything to do with the self-esteem of the Chinese nation? The entire affair was but political aftermath resulted from the so-called ＂Li-san＂ line advocated by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and it also led to the frustration encountered by the Communist International (Comintern) in the Far East. The cleaning up of the Noulens Affair was regarded as an important victory by the Investigation Section of the Organization Department of the Chinese Kuomintang Central Committee. How did Zhang Chong, the then secretary-general, fight against spies from the Communist International? The aforementioned questions are the main foci of this study.