The effects of smartphone-based interventions on changes of creativity mindset, passion toward smartphones, and Self-efficacy of creativity

Abstract

This study aimed to examine a smartphone-based intervention effect on changes of passion in smartphone use, growth creativity mindset, fixed creativity mindset, and self-efficacy. Participants were 84 college students. The employed instruments included Inventory of Passion towards Smart Phones (IPSP), Creativity Mindset Inventory (CMI), and Inventory of Self-Efficacy in Creativity. The IPSP included four types of passion: Harmonious-Intrapersonal, Harmonious-Interpersonal, Obsessive-Intrapersonal, and Obsessive-Interpersonal. The CMI included four types of mindset: Growth-Internal control (GI), Growth-External control (GE), Fixed-Internal control (FI), and FixedExternal control (FE). The ICSE includes two factors: Ability to generate creative ideas and achievement of creative performance. To understand the influence of the intervention effect, this study employed a pretest-posttest design. During the one-week experimental period, the participants were requested to use their smartphones to freely take photos and share the photos with imaginative narratives on a designated website. Repeated measure analysis of variance was employed to examine the learning effect of creativity mindsets, passion towards smartphones, and self-efficacy in creativity. Regarding creativity mindset, the participants improved their growth-internal mindset after the intervention. Although there were no significant effects on fixed-internal and fixed-external mindsets, there was a trend that the participants decrease these fixed mindsets after the intervention. Regarding passion toward smartphone use, the participants increased their harmonious intrapersonal passion, harmonious interpersonal passion, and obsessive interpersonal passion after the intervention. Finally, the participants enhanced their self-efficacy of creativity after the intervention. The findings provide implications for learning through smartphones.