影響年輕族群居住規劃因素之研究

Abstract

居住為人類社會的基本生存權利，住宅空間商品化及金融化的狀況日漸嚴峻，加上近年總體經濟市場環境不穩定，造成住宅市場波動加劇，許多有實際居住需求的年輕族群因而無法有良好的居住環境選擇權，是以本研究希望應用計畫行為理論及從眾效應的觀點，藉由分析不同背景條件的消費者，實際探討現階段影響我國年輕族群居住規劃之因素，再就各項影響因子提出政策改善建議，以改善年輕族群現階段所面臨之居住選擇困境。\n\n為達前揭研究目的，本研究針對25歲以上至40歲以下且有計畫長期居住於我國各縣市之消費者進行問卷調查，透過實證分析，發現年輕族群之個人平均年所得及原生家庭財務背景條件，與其居住安排方式具直接性的關聯，但年輕消費者因對住宅市場並不熟悉，在面臨預期市場價格上漲且從眾心態的因素下，各縣市的平均租金價格、貸款負擔率及房價所得比等總體經濟指標對其居住規劃決策將不會產生顯著的影響效果。\n\n鑒於我國住宅市場價格持續上漲，因此預期住宅市場價格走勢與居住規劃決策已無顯著關聯，反而是市場的利率條件及政府所提倡的補貼住宅政策更會改變年輕族群之居住決策，因此本研究建議政府部門應積極改善市場利率政策、提供普及化的住宅補貼政策及加強興建社會住宅，以維護年輕族群的居住生活品質。

Residence is the basic living right of human society, the situation of commercialization and financialization of residential space has worsen in nowadays. Furthermore, the macro-economic and market environment has become more unstable in the recent years, and thus causing a more turbulent housing market. Many younger generations with actual housing demands are unable to select their best choice within this kind of environment. This research aims to apply the “Theory of Planned Behavior” and the view of “Bandwagon Effect” to analyze consumers with different backgrounds and factors that affects the living arrangement of these younger generations. Finally, the research planned to provide several policy suggestions, to ameliorate the dilemma of younger generation’s living arrangement.\nIn order to achieve the aforementioned research purpose, the research is targeted to consumers who plan to live in Taiwan for a long-term by conducting an investigation through questionnaire, and the targets fall within 25 to 40 years old. Based on the empirical results, the result of the research has shown that the income per capita and the financial background of one’s primary family are directly related to the way of his or her living style. Since younger consumers are not familiar with the housing market, when facing the increase of expected market price and Bandwagon Effect, the economic indicators such as "average rent price", "mortgage burden rate" and "house-price-to-income ratio" are not considered as the significant impact for living arrangement.\nIn view of the continuing rise of the price in Taiwan housing market, it is expected that the price of housing market is already lose the correlation with living arrangement. In fact, the market interest rate and the subsidized housing policy will change the living arrangement of younger generation more directly instead. To sum up, the research suggests that the government authority should ameliorate the market interest rate, provide wider housing subsidy, and build more social housing to maintain the living quality for the younger generations.