Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/141368| 題名: | 黑白之間：中華民國與南非友誼下的海外華人（1949-1989） Between Black and White: Overseas Chinese in the Republic of China`s Friendship with South Africa (1949-1989) |
作者: | 許家瑜 Hsu, Chia-Yu |
貢獻者: | 劉曉鵬 Liu, Hsiao-Pong 許家瑜 Hsu, Chia-Yu |
關鍵詞: | 海外華人 南非 中華民國 種族隔離政策 榮譽白人 Overseas Chinese South Africa Republic of China Segregation Policies Honorary Whites |
日期: | 2022 | 上傳時間: | 1-Aug-2022 | 摘要: | 過去的文獻討論中普遍針對中國民國與南非兩國之外交關係進行討論，鮮少提及南非華僑在這段關係中扮演的角色。傳統上我們認為中華民國以及南非之官方關係乃堅若磐石，但就過去歷史背景和互動關係可以發現兩國之間的關係充滿著轉折和變數。尤其在一系列之種族政策以及背景之下，南非僑民仍在雙邊互動中具有關鍵性之影響，可從中觀察到僑民所具備的強烈生存意識。因此，本文將藉由僑民視角對此些觀點進行重新詮釋及修正，強調華僑在南非種族隔離期間扮演鞏固這段關係中重要角色。以種族關係之視角來切入，觀察海外華僑在南非在種族隔離政策之下之生存和因應之並了解僑民對於兩國彼此之間外交政策影響性為何。 Discussions of the existing literature mostly focus on the diplomatic ties between Republic of China and South Africa, but seldom mention about the role of overseas Chinese within it. The conventional wisdom of this official relationship also suggested that it was steady and stable. Nevertheless, the historical events and bilateral interactions had shown us that this relationship was in fact full of twists and turns. Especially with the special racial background accompanied by a series of segregation policies in South Africa, overseas Chinese played an essential role in between the two countries with their strong life instinct. Hence, this paper aims to review bilateral diplomatic relations in the perspective of overseas Chinese, and emphasizes their importance in consolidating this relationship during the Apartheid era. Through the lens of racial interactions, we are able to review the role of overseas Chinese in governments’ foreign policy making as well as to study their strategies of survival under segregation policies inside South Africa. |
參考文獻: | 中央社，1963，〈劉鍇盼聯合國對南非施壓力〉，《中央日報》，8月7日。Central News Agency. 1963. “Liu Kai pan lianheguo dui nanfei shi yali” [Liu Kai Expects the United Nations Put Pressure on South Africa]. Central Daily News (August 8).\n\n中央社，1967，〈我與南非可拓貿易〉，《聯合報》， 4月29日。Central News Agency. 1967. “Wo yu nanfei ketuo maoyi” [Republic of China Can Expand Trade with South Africa]. United Daily News (April 29).\n\n中央社，1975，〈旅居南非僑胞待遇獲得改善〉，《中央日報》， 7月7日。Central News Agency. 1975. “Lüju nanfei qiaobao daiyu huode gaishan” [Alleviating Treatment on Overseas Chinese in South Africa]. Central Daily News (July 7).\n\n中華民國外交部，1990，《中華民國七十八七十九年外交年鑑》，台北：外交部。Ministry of Foreign Affairs, ROC. 1990. “Zhonghua minguo qishiba qishijiu nian waijiao nianjian” [Year Book of Diplomatic Affairs (1989-1990)]. Taipei: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, ROC.\n\n中華民國外交部，1993，《對外關係與外交行政 : 外交報告書》，台北：外交部。Ministry of Foreign Affairs, ROC. 1993. “Duiwai guanxi yu waijiao xingzheng: waijiao baogao shu” [External Affairs and Diplomatic Administration: Diplomatic Report]. Taipei: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, ROC.\n\n〈中華民國駐澳大利亞國大使館代電〉，1962年8月8日，於《南非政情（十三）》，國史館數位典藏號020-990600-0730。“Zhonghuaminguo zhu aodaliyaguo dashiguan daidian” [Counseling of Embassy of Republic of China in Australia]. August 8, 1962. In Nanfei zhengqing (13) [Political Circumstances in South Africa (13)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-990600-0730.\n\n王景弘，1970，〈馬爾他在台名譽領事 吳祖坪注重文經關係〉，《聯合報》， 4月5日。Wang, Jing-hong. 1970. “Maerta zaitai mingyu lingshi Wuzuping zhuzhong wenjing guanxi” [Honorary Consul of Malta Wu Zu-ping Emphasized Relationship of Culture and Economy]. United Daily News (April 5).\n\n〈交涉南非種除歧視人種苛例〉，1968年9月13日，於《南非華僑事務（三）》，國史館數位典藏號020-990600-2731。“Jiaoshe nanfei zhongzu qishi renzhong keli” [Negotiating Principles of Racial Discrimination in South Africa]. September 13, 1968. In Nanfei huaqiao shiwu (3) [Affairs of Overseas Chinese in South Africa (3)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-990600-2731.\n\n〈交涉僑童進入歐人學校經過由〉，1962年12月19日，於《南非華僑事務（三）》，國史館數位典藏號020-990600-2728。“Jiaoshe qiaotong jinru ouren xuexiao jingguo yiu” [Negotiation for the Overseas Chinese Children Entering European Schools]. December 19, 1962. In Nanfei huaqiao shiwu (3) [Affairs of Overseas Chinese in South Africa (3)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-990600-2728.\n\n合眾國際社，1961，〈開普敦僑要求 與白人同等地位〉，《中央日報》， 12月2日。Central News Agency. 1975. “Kaipudun qiao yaoqiu yu bairen tongdeng diwei” [Overseas Chinese of Cape Town Requested Same Status as the White]. Central Daily News (December 2).\n\n〈各國對華僑苛例案〉，1942年10月28日，於《修改華工出國條例及涉改善華僑待遇》，國史館數位典藏號020-070900-0029。“Geguo dui huaqiao keli an” [Countries’ Exclusion Act on the Overseas Chinese]. October 28, 1942. In Xiugai huagong chuguo tiaoli ji she gaishan huaqiao daiyu [Revision of Principles on Overseas Chinese Labors and Alleviation of Treatment on the Overseas Chinese). Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-070900-0029.\n\n李安山，2000，《非洲華僑華人史》，北京：中國華僑出版社。Lee, Anshan. 2000. “Feizhou huaqiao huaren shi” [A History of Chinese Overseas in Africa]. Beijing: Chinese Overseas.\n\n李安山，2017，〈二戰後非洲華人社會生活的嬗變〉，《西亞非洲》，5: 111-133。Lee, Anshan. 2017. “Erzhan hou feizhou huaren shehui shenghuo de shanbian” [Transformation of Social Life of the Chinese in Africa since the End of the Second World War]. West Asia and Africa, 5: 111-133.\n\n余思宙，1980，〈孫院長在約堡談話勉勵僑胞 協助南非建設發展 鞏固兩國友好關係 轉達蔣總統對華僑親切的關懷〉，《中央日報》，3月16日。Yu, Si-zou. 1980. “Sun yuanzhang zai yuebao tanhua mianli qiaobao xiezhu nanfei jianshe fazhan gonggu liangguo youhao guanxi zhuanda Jiang zongtong dui huaqiao qinqie de guanhuai” [Chief Executive Sun Encouraged Overseas Chinese´s Contribution in South Africa and Conveyed Kind Consideration from President Jiang]. Central Daily News (March 16).\n\n〈改善僑民在南非待遇案〉，1946年10月30日，於《保護南非華僑（二）》，國史館數位典藏號020-032104-0004。“Gaishan qiaomin zai nanfei daiyu an [Report of Alleviation for the Treatment on the Overseas Chinese in South Africa). October 30, 1946. In Baohu nanfei huaqiao (2) [Protect Overseas Chinese in South Africa (2)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-032104-0004.\n\n〈南非土地法案〉，1947年9月，於《保護南非華僑（三）》，國史館數位典藏號020-032104-0005。 “Nanfei tudi faan” [Land Act of South Africa]. Sep. 1947. In Baohu nanfei huaqiao (3) (Protect Overseas Chinese in South Africa (3)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-032104-0005.\n\n〈南非中華總公會改選及該會代表晉見南非總理發表聲明〉，1963年1月4日，於《南非華僑事務（四）》，國史館數位典藏號020-990600-2729。“Nanfei zhonghua zonggonghui gaixuan ji gaihui daibiao jinjian nanfei zongli fabiao shengming” [Re-election of Chinese Association Gauteng and the Statement Calling on Prime Minister of South Africa]. January 4, 1963. In Nanfei huaqiao shiwu (4) [Affairs of Overseas Chinese in South Africa (4)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-990600-2729.\n\n〈南非亞洲人法案報告〉，1947年7月26日，於《保護南非華僑（三）》，國史館數位典藏號020-032104-0005。“Nanfei yazhouren faan baogao” [South African Asian Act Report]. July 26, 1947. In Baohu nanfei huaqiao (3) [Protect Overseas Chinese in South Africa (3)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-032104-0005.\n\n〈南非波塔總理對國會反對黨所提不信任案之答辯〉，1981年8月13日，於《南非政情（四）》，國史館數位典藏號020-032101-0007。“Nanfei bota zongli dui guohui fanduidang suo ti buxinrenan zhi dabian” [Performance Report of Embassy of Republic of China in South Africa]. August 13, 1981. In Nanfei zhengqing (4) [Political Circumstances in South Africa (4)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-032101-0007.\n\n〈南非政府實施種族分區法案與南非土地租賃顧問委員會會商經過〉，1953年10月21日，於《南非政情（六）》，國史館數位典藏號020-990600-0723。“Nanfei zhengfu shishi zhongzhu fenqu faan yu nanfei tudi zulin guwen weiyuanhui huishang jingguo” [Implementation of South Africa’s Group Area Act and Procedure of the Convening with Land Tenure Advisory Board of South Africa]. October 21, 1953. In Nanfei zhengqing (6) [Political Circumstances in South Africa (6)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-990600-0723.\n\n〈南非案〉，1962年11月19日，於《南非華僑事務（二）》，國史館數位典藏號020-990600-2727。“Nanfei An” [Case of South Africa]. November 19, 1962. In Nanfei huaqiao shiwu (2) [Affairs of Overseas Chinese in South Africa (2)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-990600-2727.\n\n〈南非排華苛例檢討〉，1946年10月12日，於《保護南非華僑（一） 》，國史館數位典藏號020-032104-0003。“Nanfei paihua keli zhi jiantao” [Review of South Africa`s Severe Chinese exclusion]. October 12, 1946. In Baohu nanfei huaqiao (1) [Protect Overseas Chinese in South Africa (1)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-032104-0003.\n\n〈南非華僑地位及僑情〉，1965年5月28日，於《南非華僑地位及僑情（二）》，國史館數位典藏號020-032104-0009。“Nanfei huaqiao diwei ji qiaoqing” [Social Status and Affairs of Overseas Chinese in South Africa]. May 28, 1965. In Nanfei huaqiao diwei ji qiaoqing (2) [Social Status and Affairs of Overseas Chinese in South Africa (2)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-032104-0009.\n\n〈南非華僑事務〉，1962年2月22日，於《南非華僑事務（一）》，國史館數位典藏號020-990600-2726。 “Nanfei huaqiao shiwu” [Affairs of Overseas Chinese in South Africa]. February 22, 1962. In Nanfei huaqiao shiwu (1) [Affairs of Overseas Chinese in South Africa (1)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-990600-2726.\n\n〈南非華僑待遇案〉，1963年4月18日，於《南非華僑地位及僑情（一）》，國史館數位典藏號020-032104-0008。“Nanfei huaqiao daiyu an” [Case of Treatment on South Africa’s Overseas Chinese]. April 18, 1963. In Nanfei huaqiao diwei ji qiaoqing (1) [Social Status and Affairs of Overseas Chinese in South Africa (1)] Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-032104-0008.\n\n〈南非華僑待遇案〉，1965年6月11日，於《南非華僑地位及僑情（二）》，國史館數位典藏號020-032104-0009。“Nanfei huaqiao daiyu an” [Case of Treatment on South Africa’s Overseas Chinese]. June 11, 1965. In Nanfei huaqiao diwei ji qiaoqing (2) [Social Status and Affairs of Overseas Chinese in South Africa (2)] Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-032104-0009.\n\n〈南非新頒設置分別享用法原文及譯文〉，1953年11月6日，於《保護南非華僑（四）》，國史館數位典藏號020-032104-0006。“Nanfei xinban shezhi fenbie xiangyong fa yuanwen ji yiwen” [Original Text and Translation of South African government New Announcement on The Reservation of Separate Amenities]. November 6, 1953. In Baohu nanfei huaqiao (4) [Protect Overseas Chinese in South Africa (4)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-032104-0006.\n\n〈為南非政府通令恢復華人酒禁〉，1952年9月1日，於《保護南非華僑（四）》，國史館數位典藏號020-032104-0006。“Wei nanfei zhengfu tongling huifu huaren jiujin” [Circular for South African Government Restoring Liquor Ban on the Chinese]. September 1, 1952. In Baohu nanfei huaqiao (4) [Protect Overseas Chinese in South Africa (4)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-032104-0006.\n\n〈為建議我亦派貿易團來斐訪問由〉，1956年8月24日，於《中斐（南非）貿易（一）》，國史館數位典藏號020-991100-0159。“Wei jianyi wo yi pai maoyituan laifei fangwen you” [Suggestion of Sending Trade Mission to South Africa]. August 24, 1956. In Zongfei (nanfei) maoyi (1) [ROC-South Africa Trading (1)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-991100-0159.\n\n〈為發展中斐貿易事〉，1963年5月15日，於《南非華僑地位及僑情（一）》，國史館數位典藏號020-032104-0008。 “Wei fazhan zhongfei maoyi shi” [Affairs of Establishing Trade between ROC and South Africa]. May 15, 1963. In Nanfei huaqiao diwei ji qiaoqing (1) [Social Status and Affairs of Overseas Chinese in South Africa (1)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-032104-0008.\n\n〈政情報告〉，1982年8月20日，於《南非雜卷（五）》，國史館數位典藏號020-032199-0005。“Zhengqing baogao” [Report of Political Circumstance in South Africa]. August 20, 1982. In Nanfei zajuan (5) [Conglomarate Volumes of South African Affairs (5)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-032199-0005.\n\n〈保護華僑案〉，1950年9月19日，於《保護南非華僑（四）》，國史館數位典藏號020-032104-0006。 “Baohu huaqiao an” [Act of Protecting Overseas Chinese]. September 19, 1950. In Baohu nanfei huaqiao (4) [Protect Overseas Chinese in South Africa (4)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-032104-0006.\n\n施克敏，1967，〈南非在華設館 保密工夫到家〉，《聯合報》，1月11日。Shih, Ke-min. 1967. “Nanfei zai hua sheguan baomi gongfu daojia” [South Africa Secretly Set its Consulate in Taipei]. United Daily News (January 11).\n\n胡維真、汪士淳，2018，《國運與天涯 : 我與父親胡宗南、母親葉霞翟的生命紀事》，台北：時報。Hu, Wei-zhen, and Shi-chun Wang. 2018. “Guoyun yu tianya: wo yu fuqin Huzongnan, muqin Yexiazhai de shengming jishi” [National Fortune and the Edge of the World: Record of Life about my Father Huzongnan and my Mother Yexiazhai]. Taipei: China Times Publishing Company.\n\n高惠宇，1976，〈我與南非建交經緯〉，《聯合報》，4月27日。Kao, Hui-yu. 1976. “Wo yu nanfei jianjiao jingwei” [Story of Establishing Diplomatic Relations between Republic of China and South Africa]. United Daily News (April 27).\n\n徐薇、姚橄欖，2018，〈南非華人的歷史、現狀與文化適應〉，《廣西民族大學學報》，40(3): 33-41。Xu, Wei, and Yao, Ganlan. 2018. “Nanfei huaren de lishi, xianzhuang yu wenhua shiying” [History, Present Situation and Cultural Adaptation of Overseas Chinese in South Africa]. Journal of Guangxi University for Nationalities, 40(3): 33-41.\n\n陳靜瑜，2014，〈孤客‧華僑‧華人─ 排華法案以來美國華人公民地位與人權的探討〉，陳鴻瑜主編，《海外華人之公民地位與人權》：43-80，台北：秀威資訊。Chen, Chin-yu. 2014. “Guke huaqiao huaren ─ Paihua faan yilai meiguo huaren gongmin diwei yu renquan de tantao” [A Study of Citizen’s Status and Human Rights of Overseas Chinese Americans since the Chinese Exclusion Act]. In Chen, Hung-yu, ed., “Haiwai huaren zhi gongmin diwei yu renquan” [On the Citizenship, Social Status, and Human Rights of Overseas Chinese], pp. 43-80. Taipei: Showwe Information.\n\n程振凱、黃小用，2006，〈清朝前期華僑政策述評〉，《信陽師範學院學報》，26(2):116-119。Cheng, Zhenkai, and Huang Xiaoyong. 2006. “Qingchao qianqi huaqiao zhengce shuping” [A Review of the Policy to Overseas Chinese in the Early Period of Qing Dynasty]. Journal of Xinyang Normal University, 26(2): 116-119.\n\n湯熙勇，2006，〈南非駐臺北領事館設立事件及對南非華人的影響 (1960-67)〉，《海洋文化學刊》，(2): 91-121。Tang, Shi-yeoung. 2006. “Nanfei zhu taibei lingshiguan sheli shijian ji dui nanfei huaren de yingxiang (1960-1967)” [The Episode of the Establishment of South Africa’s Consulate in Taipei and Its Effects on South Africa’s Chinese]. Oceanic Cultural Journal, (2): 91-121.\n\n〈華僑調查概況報告〉，1941年7月，於《華僑調查概況報告》，國史館數位典藏號020-032104-0010。“Huaqiao diaocha gaikuang baogao” [Report of investigation on the Overseas Chinese]. July 1941. In Nanfei huaqiao diaocha gaikuang baogao [Report of Investigation on the Overseas Chinese in South Africa]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-032104-0010.\n\n萬曉宏，2005，〈機遇與挑戰並存：世紀之交的南非華人〉，《南洋問題研究》，(2): 49-56。Wan, Xiaohong. 2005. “Jihui yu tiaozhan bingcun: Shiji zhijiao de nanfei huaren” [Opportunities Coexist with Challenges: Ethnic Chinese in South Africa at the Beginning of the 21st Century]. Southeast Asian Affairs, (2): 49-56.\n\n廖福特，2014，〈悠然居留或落地生根：從國際人權法討論海外華人之地位與人權〉，陳鴻瑜主編，《海外華人之公民地位與人權》：15-42，台北：秀威。Liao, Fu-te. 2014. “Youran juliu huo luodi shenggen: Cong guoji renquanfa taolun haiwai huaren zhi diwei yu renquan” [Residents or Citizens: Reflection on the Statuses and Rights of Overseas Chinese from International Human Rights Law]. In Chen, Hung-yu ed., “Haiwai huaren zhi gongmin diwe yu renquan” [On the Citizenship, Social Status, and Human Rights of Overseas Chinese], pp. 15-42. Taipei: Showwe.\n\n鄭家馨，2010，《南非史》，北京：北京大學出版社。Zheng, Jiaxin. 2010. “Nanfei Shi” [History of South Africa]. Beijing: Peking University Press.\n\n〈駐南非共和國大使館工作計畫〉，1976年6月1日，於《南非雜卷（一）》，國史館數位典藏號020-032199-0001。 “Zhu Nanfei gongheguo dashiguan gongzuo jihua” [Performance Report of Embassy of Republic of China in South Africa]. June 1, 1976. In Nanfei zajuan (1) [Conglomerate Volumes of South African Affairs (1)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-032199-0001.\n\n〈駐南非共和國大使館六十七年工作計畫檢討分析報告〉，1978年9月1日，於《南非雜卷（二）》，國史館數位典藏號020-032199-0002。 “Zhu Nanfei gongheguo dashiguan liushiqi nian gongzuo jihua jiantao fenxi baogao” [Analysis about Performance Report Embassy of Republic of China in South Africa in 1978]. September 1, 1978. In Nanfei zajuan (2) [Conglomerate Volumes of South African Affairs (2)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-032199-0002.\n\n〈駐南非共和國大使館簡報紀錄〉，1976年8月3日，於《南非雜卷（一）》，國史館數位典藏號020-032199-0001。 “Zhu nanfei gongheguo dashiguan jianbao jilu” [Record of Embassy of Republic of China in South Africa]. August 3, 1976. In Nanfei zajuan (1) [Conglomerate Volumes of South African Affairs (1)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-032199-0001.\n\n聯合報，1961，〈南非聯邦 歧視華人〉，《聯合報》，11 月28日。United Daily News. 1961. “Nanfei lianbang qishi huaren” [Republic of South Africa Discriminating Chinese]. United Daily News (November 28).\n\n聯合報，1962，〈南非六千華僑 討好當地政府〉，《聯合報》，11月14日。United Daily News. 1962. “Nanfei liuqian huaqiao taohao dangdi zhengfu” [Six-thousands of Overseas Chinese ingratiate themselves with Local Government]. United Daily News (November 14).\n\n聯合報，1962，〈劉宗瀚 昨返台北〉，《聯合報》，5 月20日。United Daily News. 1962. “Liu Zong-han zuo fan taibei” [Chief Minister Liu Zong-han Returned to Taipei]. United Daily News (May 20).\n\n聯合報，1969，〈南非歧視「非白人」 僑胞處境艱困〉，《聯合報》，3月29日。United Daily News. 1969. “Nanfei qishi ‘fei-bairen’ qiaobao chujing jiankun” [South Africa Discriminate the Non-Whites and the Difficult Situation for the Overseas Chinese]. United Daily News (March 29).\n\n聯合報，1970，〈南非正式公告 華僑地位平等〉，《聯合報》，10月12日。United Daily News. 1972. “Nanfei zhengshi gonggao huaqiao diwei pingdeng” [South African Government Officially Announce Equal Status of Overseas Chinese]. United Daily News (October 12).\n\n聯合報，1972，〈貿局擬定具體方案〉，《聯合報》，3月26日。United Daily News. 1972. “Maoju niding juti fang an” [Office of Trade Framed the Plans]. United Daily News (March 26).\n\n〈關於南非共和國洽我進口該國白蘭地酒事〉，1968年12月26日，於《中斐（南非）貿易（七）》，國史館數位典藏號020-991100-0165。“Guanyu nanfei gonheguo qia wo jinkou gaiguo bailandi jiushi” [Republic of South Africa’s Inquiry on Exporting Liquor to Republic of China]. December 26, 1968. In Zongfei (nanfei) maoyi (7) [ROC-South Africa Trading (7)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-991100-0165.\n\n〈關於南非洽商在我國設立總領館事〉，1962年9月3日，於《駐約翰尼斯堡總領事館館務》，國史館數位典藏號020-990600-1555。“Guanyu nanfei qiashang zai wo guo sheli zonglingguan shi” [Inquiry of South Africa’s Request of Establishing Consulate General in ROC]. September 3, 1962. In Zhu yuehannisibao zonglingshiguan guanwu (1) [Office Affairs of Consulate General in Johannesburg of ROC (1)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-990600-1555.\n\n〈關於南斐政府重辦華人酒禁一案〉，1953年2月20日，於《保護南非華僑（四）》，國史館數位典藏號020-032104-0006。“Guanyu nanfei zhengfu zhongban huaren jiujin yian” [Case of South African Government Restoring Liquor Ban on the Chinese]. February 20, 1953. In Baohu nanfei huaqiao (4) [Protect Overseas Chinese in South Africa (4)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-032104-0006.\n\n〈關於種族分區法事〉，1950年9月19日，於《保護南非華僑（四）》，國史館數位典藏號020-032104-0006。 “Guanyu zhongzu fenqu fa shi” [Affairs of Group Area Act]. September 19, 1950. In Baohu nanfei huaqiao (4) [Protect Overseas Chinese in South Africa (4)]. Academia Historica Digital File Number 020-032104-0006.\n\nAlden, Chris. 2008. “China’s New Engagement with Africa.” In Riordan Roett and Guadalupe Paz, eds., China`s Expansion into the Western Hemisphere: Implications for Latin America and the United States, pp. 213-235. Washington: Brookings Institution Press.\n\nBasu, Ellen Oxfel. 1991. “Profit, Loss, and Fate: The Entrepreneurial Ethic and the Practice of Gambling in an Overseas Chinese Community.” Modern China, 17(2): 227-259.\n\nBernett, Andrew, and Colin Elman. 2007. “Qualitative Methods: The View from the Subfields.” Comparative Political Studies, 40(2): 111-121.\n\nBowen, Glenn A. 2009. “Document Analysis as a Qualitative Research Method.” Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2): 27-40.\n\nChan, Shelly. 2015. “The Case for Diaspora: A Temporal Approach to the Chinese Experience.” The Journal of Asian Studies, 74(1): 107-128.\n\nChang, Chak-yan. 1990. “Overseas Chinese in China’s Policy.” The China Quarterly, 82: 281-303.\n\nDeconde, Alexander. 1993. Ethnicity Race and American Foreign Policy. Boston, Massachusetts: Northeastern University Press.\n\nDikötter, Frank. 1992. The Discourse of Race in Modern China. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.\n\nDodson, Belinda. 2010. “Locating Xenophobia: Debate, Discourse and Everyday Experience in Cape Town, South Africa.” Africa Today, 56(3): 2-22.\n\nFeinberg, Harvey M. 1993. “The 1913 Natives Land Act in South Africa: Politics, Race, and Segregation in the Early 20th Century.” The International Journal of African Historical Studies, 26(1): 65-109.\n\nFitzgerald, Stephen. 1970. “China and the Overseas Chinese: Perceptions and Policies.” The China Quarterly, 44: 1-37.\n\nGadsden, Fay. 1986. “Wartime Propaganda in Kenya: The Kenya Information Office, 1939-1945.” The International Journal of African Historical Studies, 19(3): 401-420.\n\nGovernment Gazette Extraordinary. 1963. “Coloured Persons Education Act 47 of 1963.” https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/201505/act-47-1963.pdf (April 8, 2022).\n\nGreen, Meredith J., Christopher C. Soon, and Jabulance Matsebula. 2007. “Reviewing Whiteness: Theory, Research, and Possibilities.” South African Journal of Psychology, 37(3): 389–419.\n\nGrubbs, Larry. 2008. “’Workshop of a Continent’: American Representations of Whiteness and Modernity in 1960s South Africa.” Diplomatic History, 32(3): 405-439.\n\nHearn, Adrian. H. 2012. “Harnessing the Dragon: Overseas Chinese Entrepreneurs in Mexico and Cuba.” The China Quarterly, 209: 111-133.\n\nHo, Ufrieda. 2012. Paper Sons and Daughters Growing up Chinese in South Africa. Johannesburg: Picador Africa.\n\nHonig, Lauren. 2016. “Immigrant Political Economies and Exclusionary Policy in Africa.” Comparative Politics, 48(4): 517-537.\n\nHuynh, Tu T. 2012. “‘We Are Not a Docile People’: Chinese Resistance and Exclusion in the Re-imagining of Whiteness in South Africa 1903-1910.” Journal of Chinese Overseas, 8(2): 137-168.\n\nJewett, Garth, and Victoria O’Donnell. 2018. Propaganda and Persuasion. Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications.\n\nJohnson, Matthew D. 2011. “Propaganda and Sovereignty in Wartime China: Morale Operations and Psychological Warfare under the Office of War Information.” Modern Asian Studies, 45(2): 303-344.\n\nKingsley, J. Donald. 1956. “Immigration and Our Foreign Policy Objectives.” Law and Contemporary Problems, 21(2): 299-310.\n\nKhan, M. Muslim. 2010. “India-South Africa Unique Relations.” The Indian Journal of Political Science, 71(2): 613-634.\n\nKrenn, Michael L. 1999. The Impact of Race on U.S. Foreign Policy: A Reader. London: Taylor and Francis Group.\n\nLevy, Jack S. 2007. “Qualitative Methods and Cross-Method Dialogue in Political Science.” Comparative Political Studies, 40(2): 196-214.\n\nLin, Man-houng. 2001. “Overseas Chinese Merchants and Multiple Nationality: A Means for Reducing Commercial Risk (1895-1935).” Modern Asian Studies, 35(4): 985-1009.\n\nLipton, Merle. 1985. Capitalism and Apartheid: South Africa, 1910-84. Aldershot, Hants, England: Wildwood House.\n\nLiu, Philip H. P. 2018. “Finding the Baoding Villages: Reviewing Chinese Conceptualisation of Sino-African Agricultural Cooperation.” Africa Spectrum, 53(2): 91-118.\n\nLoewen, James W. The Mississippi Chinese: Between Black and White. Long Grove, Illinois: Waveland Press.\n\nMa, Laurence J. C. 2003. “Space, Place, and Transnationalism in the Chinese Diaspora.” In Laurence J. C. Ma and Carolyn L. Cartier, eds., The Chinese Diaspora: Space, Place, Mobility, and Identity, pp. 1-50. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.\n\nMartens, Jeremy Creighton. 2001. “Conflicting Views of ‘Coloured’ People in the South African Liquor Bill Debate of 1928.” Canadian Journal of African Studies, 35(2): 313-338.\n\nMathias, Charles McC. 1981. “Ethnic Groups and Foreign Policy.” Foreign Affairs, 59(5): 975-998.\n\nMcKeown, Adam. 1999. “Conceptualizing Chinese Diasporas, 1842 to 1949.” The Journal of Asian Studies, 58(2): 306-337.\n\nMorrow, Walter Eugene. 1990. “Aims of Education in South Africa.” International Review of Education, 36(2): 171-181.\n\nMuller, Thomas. 1989. “Immigration Policy and Economic Growth.” Yale Law & Policy Review, 7(1): 101-136.\n\nNel, Eitenne, and Tony Binns. 1999. “Changing the Geography of Apartheid Education in South Africa.” Geography, 84(2): 119-128.\n\nÖgelman, Nedim, Jeannette Money, and Philip Martin. 2002. “Immigrant Cohesion and Political Access in Influencing Foreign Policy.” SAIS Review, 22(2): 145-165.\n\nPark, Yoon Jung. 2009. A Matter of Honor: Being Chinese in South Africa. Lanham, Maryland: Lexington Books/Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.\n\nPosel, Deborah. 2001. “Race as Common Sense: Racial Classification in Twentieth-Century South Africa.” African Studies Review, 44(2): 87-113.\n\nPoston, Dudley L., and Mei-YuYu. 1990. “The Distribution of the Overseas Chinese in the Contemporary World.” The International Migration Review, 24(3): 480-508.\n\nShain, Yossi. 1995. “Multicultural Foreign Policy.” Foreign Policy, 100: 69-87.\n\nStets, Jan E., and Peter J. Burke. 2000. “Identity Theory and Social Identity Theory.” Social Psychology Quarterly, 63(3): 224-237.\n\nStevens, Richard P. 1971. “Zionism, South Africa and Apartheid: The Paradoxical Triangle.” Phylon, 32(2): 123-142.\n\nStultz, Newell M. 1991. “Evolution of the United Nations Anti-Apartheid Regime.” Human Rights Quarterly, 13(1): 1-23.\n\nSuryadinata, Leo. 2017. “Blurring the Distinction between Huaqiao and Huaren: China’s Changing Policy towards the Chinese Overseas.” Southeast Asian Affairs, 2017: 101-114.\n\nTiryakian, Edward A. 1960. “Apartheid and Politics in South Africa.” The Journal of Politics, 22(4): 682-697.\n\nTo, Jiann-hua. 2014. Qiaowu: Extra-Territorial Policies for the Overseas Chinese. Leiden, Holland: Brill.\n\nUnited Nation Security Council. 1963. “Resolution 181.” https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/112181#record-files-collapse-header (December 25, 2021).\n\nVasantkumar, Chris. 2012. “What Is This "Chinese" in Overseas Chinese? Sojourn Work and the Place of China`s Minority Nationalities in Extraterritorial Chinese-ness.” The Journal of Asian Studies, 71(2): 423-446.\n\nVery, Cornel, and Michael Quayle. 2012. “Whiteness, Racism, and Afrikaner Identity in Post-Apartheid South Africa.” African Affairs, 111(445): 551-575.\n\nWang, Gungwu. 1993. “Greater China and the Chinese Overseas.” The China Quarterly, 136: 926-948.\n\nWalton, Douglas. 1997. “What Is Propaganda, and What Exactly Is Wrong with It.” Public Affairs Quarterly, 11(4): 383-413.\n\nWaltz, Kenneth. 1993. “The Emerging Structure of International Politics.” International Security, 18(2): 44-79.\n\nWendt, Alexander. 1999. Social Theory of International Politics. New York: Cambridge University Press.\n\nWong, Paul, Chien-ping Faith Lai, Richard Nagasawa, and Tie-ming Lin. 1998. “Asian Americans as a Model Minority: Self-Perceptions and Perceptions by Other Racial Groups.” Sociological Perspectives, 41(1): 95-118.\n\nWong, Vivian Wu. 1996. “Somewhere between White and Black: The Chinese in Mississippi.” OAH Magazine of History, 10(4): 33-36.\n\nYap, Melanie, and Dianne Leong Man. 1996. Colour, Confusion and Concessions: The History of the Chinese in South Africa. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. | 描述: | 碩士 國立政治大學 國際研究英語碩士學位學程(IMPIS) 109862002 |
資料來源: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109862002 | 資料類型: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | 學位論文 |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 200201.pdf | 948.06 kB | Adobe PDF2 | View/Open |
Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.