親子肢體暴力與大學生約會暴力行為之關係──尋找代間傳遞中的危機與轉機

Abstract

本研究以「背景－關係」模式，探討親子肢體暴力者，其代間傳遞歷程中，影響約會關係暴力行為發生之危機與轉機因子。背景變項意指使用暴力經驗、不良習慣、兩性中對暴力的認同，關係變項包括關係分化、對權力關係滿意度、是否同居。受試者為有約會經驗之大學生共計1,021人，研究分別篩選出有父子肢體暴力組、母子肢體暴力組、無家暴組進行分析。結果發現：1. 父子或母子肢暴組，其約會暴力皆明顯高於無經驗者；2. 對父子或母子肢暴組而言，高認同兩性暴力是促成約會暴力的主要危機因子；3. 高關係分化與避免同居是該群體的主要轉機因子；4. 同時遭受親子肢暴且高認同暴力者，關係分化能在母子肢暴組中預防遭受輕微、遭受與施加口語、施加性與親密暴力，但關係分化僅在父子肢暴組預防輕微肢體暴力，而避免同居對父子肢暴組遭受或施加性與親密暴力、輕微暴力具保護效果；5. 無家暴組僅發現不良習慣為約會暴力發生的危機因子，而未發現明顯轉機因子。最後針對以上結果進行討論與建議。 This study examines the risk and protective factors that predict violent behaviors of college students during dating, using a background-relationship model. Rish factors were hypothesized to include a person`s previous deviant behaviors, his attitude to the use of violence to exert authority. The protective factors include relationship differentiation, satisfy for power, and cohabitation. 1021 effective questionnaires were received from students. The results suggest that: (1) the participants with physical abuse from father or mother have more dating violence than without abuse; (2) For the participants of physical abuse from father or mother, personal attitudes toward the use of violence are risk factors; and (3) dating relationship differentiation and avoidant cohabitation are protective factors; (4) If the participants suffering from parental physical abuse and have high identity of using violence simultaneously, the protective factor is avoidant cohabitation for ones of father`s abuse, and the protective factor is relationship differentiation for the ones of mother`s abuse; (5) There is a risk factor of personal habits, such as the use of alcohol, for the participants without family abuse. The results are discussed and the limiations of applicability are suggested.