KO/SO/A的意思擴張―從指示詞到指示機能曖昧的KO/SO/A―

Abstract

本論旨在研究日語中有指示機能的KO/SO/A到指示機能曖昧不明的KO/SO/A之間的擴張關係。以是否有指示機能，將KO/SO/A分為「有指示機能」「指示機能曖昧」兩種類論述其間的連續關係，並依認知語言學觀點分析構文裡包含KO/SO/A的接續詞以及感嘆詞之機能與其分類。\n 本文共分六章。第一章為序論。第二章考察指示詞的先行研究，並提出尚待解決的問題。第三章以從空間到時間的抽象化概念分析KO/SO/A的基本義。第四章以漂白化的觀點分析指示機能到接續機能的變化歷程。第五章以抽出化概念來看包含KO/SO/A的感嘆詞與指示詞的連續關係與其機能。第六章為結論。\n 過去被稱做指示詞的KO/SO/A研究中，多將焦點擺在現場指示與文脈指示的使用方式與意思上的連貫性，也就是「地盤理論」與「共有知識假說」的義同上。本論以空間與時間的擴張關係說明有指示機能的KO/SO/A當中，不僅現場指示與文脈指示連同觀念指示皆有一貫性。此外，包含KO/SO/A的接續詞以漂白化關係，感嘆詞以抽出空間與時間的方式擴張，在機能上分別與指示詞連接。

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the semantic extension from Ko, So, and A, traditionally called demonstratives, to vague Ko, So, and A in terms of their demonstrative functions, as well as the continuity of the expansion. In this paper, according to whether they can function as demonstratives, Ko, So, and A are categorized into 2 types: Ko, So, and A with demonstrative functions, Ko, So, and A with vague demonstrative functions. The differences among various types of semantic extension of demonstratives are clarified by analyzing the functions of conjunctions with Ko, So, and A and interjections with Ko, So, and A from the perspective of cognitive linguistics.\nThis paper consists of 6 chapters. The first chapter is Introduction, In Chapter 2, ‘Preceding literature---concerning the Ko, So, and A with demonstrative functions’, I review the conventional researches on demonstratives and present the remaining problems. In Chapter 3, ‘The basic meaning of Ko, So, and A,’ based on the conclusion of Chapter 2, I discuss the basic meaning and expanding meaning of ‘the Ko, So, and A with demonstrative functions’ from the perspective of metaphor from space to time. In Chapter 4, ‘Semantic Extension from Demonstratives to Conjunctions’, .I analyze the change from demonstrative function to conjunctive function from the viewpoint of grammaticalization resulting from bleaching. In Chapter 5, ‘Semantic Extension from Demonstratives to Interjections’, I explain the function and semantic extension of interjections with Ko, So, and A from the viewpoint of grammaticalizaiton resulting from abstraction. And, finally, Chapter 6 is the conclusion of this paper. \nTraditional researches on the so-called Ko, So, and A are focused on a unified (or general) explanation of the differences between their deictic and anaphoric usages. This paper, however, considers that the coherence reaches not only those Ko, So, and A which function as demonstratives, but even those Ko, So, and A which do not have this function. For instance, conjunctions with Ko, So, and A stem from the bleaching of Ko, So, and A’s demonstrative functions, and interjections with Ko, So, and A are the results of abstraction from Ko, So, and A’s demonstrative functions. Even though each type differs from the others in terms of their semantic extension, it is clear that semantic extension is connected with those Ko, So, and A which can act as demonstratives.