保險安定基金相關法律問題之研究

Abstract

保險安定基金制度係：設立一基金或法人，當保險人有失卻清償能力或失卻清償能力之虞，致無法履行保險給付責任或負擔契約責任時，由其負擔給付或保護保戶權益之制度。因此，當發生保險公司失卻清償能力之情形，保險安定基金將成為保障保戶權益的最後一道防線，其制度完備與否，至關重大。\n\n 本文以我國保險安定基金法制為中心，研究各國關於保險業退場機制之立法例設計，並將之與保險安定基金或其類似制度做一連結探討，如：美國保險安定基金、英國金融服務補償機制，日本支付保證制度等。雖然各國在資金募集與補償方式等方面各有差異，但皆致力於減輕保險公司失卻清償能力對保戶與社會金融秩序所可能造成的損害。本文介紹目前我國保險法規定下之保險安定基金法制架構，並針對現行法可能衍生的問題進行分析討論，如：保險安定基金之功能定位、徵收方式、墊付限額、規模適足性等，最後提出相關建議供立法者與主管機關參考。

An insurance guaranty fund is set up to cover an insolvent insurer’s financial obligations, within statutory limits, to policyholders, beneficiaries, annuitants, and third-party claimants. The basic purpose of it is to protect policyholders, beneficiaries, annuitants, and third-party claimants against losses which might occur due to an insolvency of an insurer. Consequently, when an insurer is impaired or insolvent, the system is complete or not is quite important.\n\n At first, this study researches the insurance insolvency law of Taiwan and other developed countries, such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan. Even if there are many differences in the coverage, statutory limits, and how the funds are assessed, their purposes are the same , that is to reduce the damage might caused by insolvency of an insurer. Moreover, the study focuses on the insurance market stabilization fund law in Taiwan. After discuss the issues and problems which are encountered, the suggestions for resolving such issues and problems are submitted as the conclusion of this study.