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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/34378
題名: 國際資本流動與聚集經濟
作者: 林春利
Chun-Li Lin
貢獻者: 高安邦
An-Pang Kao
林春利
Chun-Li Lin
關鍵詞: 國際資本流動
聚集經濟
新經濟地理
生產區位
貿易成本
日期: 2002
上傳時間: 18-Sep-2009
摘要: 本文以新經濟地理模型為研究架構，針對國際資本流動與經濟聚集現象進行探討。新經濟地理利用Dixit and Stiglitz (1977)模型技巧，假設消費者具有多樣化偏好、生產技術具有廠商層次的報酬遞增、與市場結構為Chamberlin式的獨占性競爭等特徵，應用在經濟活動的空間決策問題上，建構合乎理性行為模式的一般均衡模型。\n本文延伸新經濟地理模型的假設；將生產函數分為互補與替代兩種型態，並將生產要素區分為可於國際間移動的國際要素，與不能於國際間移動的國內要素兩類，並考慮各國國內要素市場的供給情況、商品市場與要素市場的相對調整速度、與生產技術中要素產出彈性等因素，對資本在國際間配置均衡與廠商在國際間生產區位選擇的影響。\n利用數值方法本文研究結果發現：新經濟地理中降低國際間的貿易成本或區域間的運輸成本將促使經濟活動在空間上產生聚集的傳統命題，只是本文模型中的特例；唯有在生產要素彼此互補、各國國內要素市場供給彈性無窮大、且不引起要素價格上漲的條件下才能成立。當我們考慮更廣泛的各國國內要素市場供給條件時，國內要素供給條件將會對國際要素的移動產生制約、則上述命題不再成立。此外，我們發現國際經濟活動空間分佈上的聚集或分散，除了與各國國內要素的供給情況有關之外，尚關係到生產要素彼此之間的替代性或互補性、要素市場與商品市場彼此間的相對調整速度、與生產技術中要素產出彈性的相對大小等。因此，本文的研究指出貿易成本的高低只是影響經濟活動空間上聚集或分散的因素之一，經濟活動是否聚集或分散並無必然性，需考慮生產技術的型態、各國國內要素的供給條件、產品市場與要素市場的相對調整速度、與各國市場規模的大小與分佈等因素，彼此之間交互影響的淨效果才能看出端倪。
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國立政治大學
中山人文社會科學研究所
86261506
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