Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/38496
題名: 俄羅斯農業去集體化之研究
A study of the agricultural de-collectivization in Russia
作者: 李其翰
貢獻者: 魏百谷
李其翰
關鍵詞: 去集體化
土地改革
農場重組
私人農場
de-collectivization
land reform
farm reorganization
private farm
日期: 2009
上傳時間: 9-Apr-2010
摘要: 本研究旨在探討葉爾欽政府為達成其農業經濟與政治目的,針對蘇聯國營與集體農場,所進行的「去集體化」改革。「去集體化」的主要內涵,即是透過土地改革的執行,來推動農場重組,促使國營與集體農場解散,冀望以私人農場取代之。\n\n 本論文首先說明國營與集體農場的經濟與政治問題,並解釋葉爾欽進行「去集體化」之目的。其次,具體描述土地改革、農場重組,以及推展私人農場之改革內容。隨後,分析私人農場發展的經濟、政治與社會文化問題。最後,評估「去集體化」的經濟與政治成效;並探討往後普欽政府對此結果的後續政策。\n\n 研究發現「去集體化」的推行,由於設計缺陷與執行不力,加上無法克服改革阻礙,其結果並未改變原有農場結構。私人農場發展不佳,延續蘇聯制度的農場企業仍主導了農業,經濟與政治問題愈趨嚴重。普欽接任總統後,加以調整過去的農業經濟政策,並透過有效之政治手段,改善了葉爾欽所遺留的農業問題。
This study aims at exploring the de-collectivization reform of Yeltsin government. The pattern of de-collectivization includes the land reform, farm reorganization and development of private farms. Yeltsin attempted to implement the de-collectivization to break up the state and collective farms, and to replace by the private farms for achieving his agricultural economic and political purposes.\n\n The thesis analyzes the economic and political problems of the state and collective farms, firstly. After that, the thesis describes the pattern of reform: land reform, farm reorganization, as well as the development of private farms. And following discussion is about the economic, political and socio-cultural problems when developing the private farms. Eventually, the thesis assesses the agricultural economic and political effects of de-collectivization, and that continues exploring the Putin government’s subsequent policies.\n\n The conclusion argues that the implementation of de-collectivization didn’t change the structure of Russian farms. The development of private farms was insufficient, and the farm enterprises, which have maintained the Soviet institution, still dominated the Russian agriculture. The economic and political problems became more and more serious. However, the Putin government has adjusted the Yeltsin’s economic and political policies to improve these agricultural issues.
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三、中文文獻
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海德利克.史密斯(Hedrick Smith),台灣中華書局編譯組譯,民主風暴-蛻變中的俄羅斯,台北:台灣中華,1992。
張德粹,土地經濟學,台北:國立編譯館,1963。
張德粹,農業合作的原理與實務,台北:商務出版社,1963。
張德粹,農業經濟學,台北:正中,1962。
許新編,轉型經濟的產權改革:俄羅斯東歐中亞國家的私有化,北京:社會科學文獻出版社,2003。
陳芝驊、吳恩遠、馬龍閃,蘇聯興亡史綱,北京:中國社會科學出版,2004。
鄭詩華,農業生產組織學,台北:南天,1995。
薩公強,蘇聯農業體制的形成與沿革,台北:中華經濟研究院,1995。
譚崇台編,發展經濟學,台北:五南,2004。
蘇志超,比較土地政策,台北:五南,1999。
(二)期刊論文
方康雲,「俄羅斯家庭農場的發展與現狀」,中歐東亞市場研究,第4期 (2002),頁15-31。
傅志華,「俄羅斯重新開徵農業稅及其啟示」,海外傳真,第1期 (2005),頁51-54。
喬木森,「俄羅斯的土地能否買?」,東歐中亞市場研究,第2期 (2003),頁22-26。
喬木森,「俄羅斯的農業、農民和農村問題」,東歐中亞研究,第5期 (2001),頁40-46。
喬木森,「農村的迫切社會經濟問題及其解決途徑」,東歐中亞市場研究,第6期 (2003),頁12-18。
劉願,「俄羅斯農地改革:軟預算約束與結構轉型」,中國農村經濟,第1期 (2007),頁65-74。
(三)學位論文
江宏偉,俄羅斯(蘇聯)農業改革研究,華東師範大學:國際關係與地區發展研究院博士論文,2007。
李小龍,俄羅斯土地私有化研究,中國社會科學院:東歐中亞系碩士論文,2005。
林哲雍,俄羅斯左派政黨研究(1991-2000),淡江大學:俄羅斯研究所碩士論文,2003。
楊長恩,俄羅斯一百四十年農業改革的歷史問題研究(1861-2001),淡江大學:俄羅斯研究所碩士論文,2003。
(四)網路資料
BBC 中文網,「俄杜馬土改討論出現打鬥」,2001年6月15日, http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/chinese/news/newsid_1390000/13906602.stm (2009年2月23日登入)。
白曉紅,俄國斯拉夫主義,(北京:商務印書館,2006),http://euroasia.cass.cn/Chinese/Production/Slav_ru/slf007_2.htm (2009年5月20日登入)。
新華網,「俄欲當世界糧食危機中的“穩定器”」,2008年7月3日,http://big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/world/2008-07/03/content_8482856.htm (2009年7月23日登入)。
新華網,「俄羅斯農業黨將併入統一俄羅斯黨」,2008年9月12日,http://news.xinhuanet.com/world/2008-09/12/content_9959545.htm (2009年2月23日登入)。
董曉陽,「村社意識與俄羅斯社會發展」,東歐中亞研究,第6期 (2002),http://euroasia.cass.cn/Chinese/Magazine/Yanjiu/0206/003.htm#_ftn6 (2009年3月20日登入)。
描述: 碩士
國立政治大學
俄羅斯研究所
95263010
98
資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095263010
資料類型: thesis
Appears in Collections:學位論文

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