Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/38533
題名: 壓力情境對入睡過程主觀知覺的影響
The Subjective Perception during Sleep Onset Period on Stress Situation
作者: 楊旻鑫
Yang, Min-Hsin
貢獻者: 楊建銘
楊旻鑫
Yang, Min-Hsin
關鍵詞: 入睡起始
壓力
入睡主觀心理
高激發
日期: 2008
上傳時間: 9-Apr-2010
摘要: 入睡過程(sleep onset process)可視為連續性生理與心理的轉變過程。在這過程中,主觀心理的面向包括對環境刺激(例如聲音)的察覺程度,與內在思緒及影像的出現與否,以及主觀上的睡眠深度。這些主觀心理向度的變化,會隨著不同入睡階段而產生各自的轉變,同時這些向度也可能受生理與心理狀態的影響而有所不同,而可能使得主、客觀睡眠狀態差異出現更為明顯的情形。因此,本研究透過給予受試者壓力情境,讓受試者產生過度激發的特徵,來試圖探討在壓力下對於入睡主觀知覺造成的影響。\n本實驗之樣本為13名大學生與研究生,年齡18-30歲 (平均年齡22.2歲)。受試者在白天至睡眠實驗室小睡,依據多頻道睡眠檢查 (polysomnography , PSG)的記錄,分別在受試者出現慢速眼動 (slow eye movement , SEM)、階段一睡眠、階段二睡眠、以及進入睡眠階段二後五分鐘時,叫醒受試者四次,進行問卷訪談。問卷為自行編製的結構性問卷,內容詢問受試者在喚醒當時的各類知覺經驗、睡眠知覺(例如睡著與否的判定)、思考狀態等不同向度的主觀感受。每一位受試者皆會進行兩次測試,一次為控制情境,一次為壓力情境,順序採對抗平衡。然後比較在兩情境下,各面向心理狀態的差異。\n由於受試者樣本較小的緣故,本研究以無母數統計,來分析比較四種入睡階段在兩種情境下主觀感受的差異程度。結果發現當入睡進入慢速眼動期,『聲音有無』在兩組會出現顯著差異;階段一時,『外在環境刺激的清晰度』、『聲音清晰度』、『感官與今天經驗關連度』實驗組高於控制組;在階段二時,『思考有無』實驗組高於控制組,在階段二過後五分鐘時,『感官與今天經驗關連度』,實驗組高於控制組。其餘指標則有接近顯著的傾向,進入慢速眼動期時『聲音清晰度』、『感官控制』,實驗組可能有高於控制組的傾向,接近顯著;在階段一時, 『入睡程度』,實驗組有高於控制組的傾向;在入睡腦波的階段二,『影像清晰度』及『情緒程度』,實驗組有高於控制組的傾向;當入睡進入階段二後五分鐘,『感官真實』,實驗組有高於控制組的傾向。\n本研究發現壓力所造成對入睡主觀經驗的影響,會讓個體的知覺與現實生活有更多的連結相關,對外在環境會出現更多的警覺。另外對於睡眠知覺的判斷,也許則會有維持更清醒意識狀態的傾向,並可能出現更多的情緒及想法。在早期入睡心理歷程被認為與入睡腦波變化有著不同的進程,而在高激發或壓力狀態下的入睡心理狀態研究,雖然看到更為明顯的主客觀不一致現象,但僅侷限於主觀睡著率與入睡時間點的判斷,並未研究其他更多的心理面向。本研究發現入睡初期,對於外在有著更加的警覺度,對現實有更多的連結,可以解釋為何在壓力狀態下,受試者的睡眠知覺會出現更明顯的清醒狀態。研究結果除確認了腦波變化與心理感受有各自的進程,並顯示腦波變化並不能完全反映入睡時心理狀態的變化,而且入睡時的心理感受不穩定,極易受到個體狀態的影響。此結果可進一步為日後探討入睡心理歷程及相關異常現象作為基礎。
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描述: 碩士
國立政治大學
心理學研究所
93752016
97
資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0937520161
資料類型: thesis
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