世界媒介失敗之癥結及其創新之道

Abstract

本文是作者在2008第二屆媒介批評國際學術論壇上的演講稿文本。演講梳理了西方學者批評媒介的思想理論源流，批判了世界歷史上媒介失敗的種種現象，指出其癥結所在：媒介失敗源於人性自私，加之傳播制度缺失及過分商業化等原因所造成。演講還介紹了英國學者研究的媒介創新之道。在此基礎上，演講指出中國報業之“所幸”在於絕大部份由黨與政府經營，沒有資本家既得利益干擾，可排除過度商業化。作者認為中國如能依照近代報業改革的新觀念，建立報業的公信力以及符合中國社會主義特色的“公共報業製度”，將可解除當前報業困境而成為世界報業製度的典範。

This paper is originated from a keynote speech of 2008 International Forum on Me-dia Criticism. The speech examines the resources of critical theories and thoughts about media cri-tiques, and analyzes phenomena about media fiasco. Furthermore, it points out that the crucial rea-sons are selfishness, drawback of communication systems, and commercialization of media. The speech also introduces the possible solutions of media innovation studied by a British scholar. Fi-nally, the author figures out that Chinese media is fortunate because they are owned and run by gov-ernment or governing party, which can cure the symptom of over-commercialization. Therefore, if the new concepts of media innovation can be adopted and the “Chinese characteristic” public press institutions can be set up, China might become a model for the rest of world.