韓中同形完全異意語的異質化研究－以語源的考察為中心－

Abstract

本研究以通時（diachronic）的角度，全盤地從語源探討韓中兩國同形完全異意語差異原因，結果在古文獻中發現，韓國的漢字語並非自行進行語意轉變，多半是借用了漢語之後，保留了當時的語意並沿用至今、或者從一開始就與中文出自不同的出處；中國的語彙則是因時空背景的變遷，加上漢字一字多義之特性，語意不斷改變，因此造成了兩國用語的差異。當然不可否認的，有些韓國漢字語也因時代變遷、文化差異、語言習慣等原因而引起語意變化，但從本稿所蒐集的語料中發現，因這些原因而導致與中文語意有所出入的例子幾乎沒有，這也證實過去以來‘韓國自行變更了中國漢字用法’的觀念是需要修正的。不過由於語料考證工作的困難，本稿收錄的使用頻度20以上的語彙26個中，仍有少數幾個尚無法確認其語源，這也是本稿日後要繼續深研的課題。 Kuo Chiu-wen. 2009.6.30., . This research analyzes the causes for the difference between Chinese characters used in China and the corresponding Chinese characters used in Korea through etymology taken from a diachronic angle. As a result, it was discovered that the Chinese characters used in Korea did not shift their meaning automatically, but rather, they preserved the original meaning applied in China up till now. On the other hand, due to the change in time and backgrounds, together with the Chinese language characteristic of having one or more meanings in the same character, their meanings have changed over time, which has led to the difference in meanings of Chinese characters between the two countries today. Nevertheless, it should not be denied the fact that the change in time and cultural differences have also led to a change in the meaning of Chinese characters used in Korea, but this article has overthrown the historically stereotypical opinion that Korea has changed the meaning of Chinese characters. However, because of the difficulty encountered during the research process, the etymology of some of the 26 Chinese vocabularies with a frequency usage of over 20 has not been found yet. This makes also up a challenge for this article to continue a much more in-depth research in the future.