Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/49185| DC Field | Value | Language |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 許耀明 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author | 楊珊妮 | zh_TW |
| dc.creator | 楊珊妮 | zh_TW |
| dc.date | 2009 | en_US |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2010-12-07T18:01:02Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2010-12-07T18:01:02Z | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2010-12-07T18:01:02Z | - |
| dc.identifier | G0096961204 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/49185 | - |
| dc.description | 碩士 | zh_TW |
| dc.description | 國立政治大學 | zh_TW |
| dc.description | 法學院碩士在職專班 | zh_TW |
| dc.description | 96961204 | zh_TW |
| dc.description | 98 | zh_TW |
| dc.description | \"CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION \r\nSection 1 Research Motivation \r\nSection 2 Research Methodology \r\nSection 3 Research Scope and Limitation \r\nSection 4 General Overview of Geographical Indications \r\nA Trademark \r\nB Indication of Source \r\nC Appellation of Origin \r\nD Designation of Origin \r\nE Generic Names \r\nSection 5 Thesis Organization 106\r\n\r\nCHAPTER 2 THE DEVELOPMENT AND THE INTERNATIONAL TREATIES OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS\r\nSection 1 The International Treaties of Geographical Indications\r\nA The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industry Property 1883\r\nB The Madrid Agreement for the Repression of False or Deceptive Indications of Source on Goods 1891\r\nC The Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellation of Origin and Their International Registration 1958\r\nD The TRIPS Agreement\r\nE Problems of International Protection under these Treaties\r\nSection 2 The Protection of Geographical Indications under TRIPS\r\nA Article 22: Protection of Geographical Indications\r\nB Article 23: Additional Protection for Geographical Indications for Wines and Spirits\r\nC Article 24: International Negotiations; Exceptions\r\nD General Provisions and Enforcement\r\n\r\nCHAPTER 3 LEGAL ASPECT OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS PROTECTION\r\nSection 1 Different Ways for Geographical Indications Protection\r\nA The Trademark Law Protection\r\nB The Appellation of Origin Protection\r\nC The Unfair Competition Law Protection\r\nD The Administrative Regulation Protection\r\nSection 2 The Scope of Geographical Indication Protection\r\nA Extension of Article 23 TRIPS Protection to Products Other than Wines and Spirits \r\n1 Extension in Context\r\n2 Should Article 23 be Extended?\r\n3 Arguments for Extension\r\n4 Arguments against Extension\r\nB The Register Issue\r\nSection 3 Perspectives from EU and US\r\nA The Protection of Geographical Indications in EU \r\nB The Protection of Geographical Indications in US \r\n1 BATF Regulations \r\n2 The Lanham Act \r\nC The Comparison \r\n\r\nCHAPTER 4 THE CASE EC – TRADEMARKS AND GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS AND ITS RELATED ISSUES 81\r\nSection 1 The Case EC – Protection of Trademarks and Geographical Indications for Agricultural Products and Foodstuffs\r\nA Background\r\nB Statement of the Case \r\nC The Panel \r\nSection 2 Arguments and Outcomes in the WTO Dispute\r\nA The National Treatment Argument\r\nB The Trademark Argument\r\nC The Significance of the Dispute\r\nD Impact of WTO decision on the European Regulation\r\n\r\nCHAPTER 5 FUTURE REINFORCEMENT IN THE PROTECTION OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS\r\nSection 1 Negotiations for a Multilateral System of Register for Geographical Indications\r\nSection 2 Overselling Geographical Indications to EU Constituencies and to Developing Countries\r\nA The Way Forward for Developing Countries\r\nSection 3 Geographical Indications and Traditional Knowledge\r\n\r\nCHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION 106\r\n\r\nREFERENCES 120 \r\n\" | - |
| dc.description.abstract | Due to the globalization of economy, the protection of intellectual property rights becomes very important, not only on a national and local basis but also on an international basis. The evidence is coming from the negotiation and ultimately the inclusion of the TRIPS Agreement, or Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, into the World Trade Organization. In the TRIPS Agreement, one of the protections to a local intellectual property on an international level is the protection of geographical indications, and such protection can be found in Articles 22 through 24 of the TRIPS Agreement. Geographical indications identify goods as originating in a particular territory or region, and also indicate quality by letting consumers know that the goods come from an area where a given quality, reputation, or other characteristic of the goods is essentially attributable to their geographical origin. The protection of geographical indications has always been on the table and been mentioned in various international treaties, and eventually came together under the TRIPS Agreement.\r\n\r\nThe different ways for geographical indications protection is examined in order to understand the different national regulations used in various countries as a tool to protect the geographical indications, hence, to protect intellectual property rights. The major issue regards the scope of protection is the extension of the TRIPS Article 23; diverse opinions and suggestions are coming from US and EU, the two biggest sovereignties. This also can be seen in the result of the WTO dispute case of EC – Trademarks and Geographical Indications. \r\n\r\nThe future developments such as the negotiations for a multilateral system of register for geographical indications, the progress of developing countries toward protection of geographical indications and the involvement of the traditional knowledge, all play very crucial roles on the enforcement of geographical indications protection. This paper will explore all these matters. | en_US |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION \r\nSection 1 Research Motivation \r\nSection 2 Research Methodology \r\nSection 3 Research Scope and Limitation \r\nSection 4 General Overview of Geographical Indications \r\nA Trademark \r\nB Indication of Source \r\nC Appellation of Origin \r\nD Designation of Origin \r\nE Generic Names \r\nSection 5 Thesis Organization 106\r\n\r\nCHAPTER 2 THE DEVELOPMENT AND THE INTERNATIONAL TREATIES OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS\r\nSection 1 The International Treaties of Geographical Indications\r\nA The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industry Property 1883\r\nB The Madrid Agreement for the Repression of False or Deceptive Indications of Source on Goods 1891\r\nC The Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellation of Origin and Their International Registration 1958\r\nD The TRIPS Agreement\r\nE Problems of International Protection under these Treaties\r\nSection 2 The Protection of Geographical Indications under TRIPS\r\nA Article 22: Protection of Geographical Indications\r\nB Article 23: Additional Protection for Geographical Indications for Wines and Spirits\r\nC Article 24: International Negotiations; Exceptions\r\nD General Provisions and Enforcement\r\n\r\nCHAPTER 3 LEGAL ASPECT OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS PROTECTION\r\nSection 1 Different Ways for Geographical Indications Protection\r\nA The Trademark Law Protection\r\nB The Appellation of Origin Protection\r\nC The Unfair Competition Law Protection\r\nD The Administrative Regulation Protection\r\nSection 2 The Scope of Geographical Indication Protection\r\nA Extension of Article 23 TRIPS Protection to Products Other than Wines and Spirits \r\n1 Extension in Context\r\n2 Should Article 23 be Extended?\r\n3 Arguments for Extension\r\n4 Arguments against Extension\r\nB The Register Issue\r\nSection 3 Perspectives from EU and US\r\nA The Protection of Geographical Indications in EU \r\nB The Protection of Geographical Indications in US \r\n1 BATF Regulations \r\n2 The Lanham Act \r\nC The Comparison \r\n\r\nCHAPTER 4 THE CASE EC – TRADEMARKS AND GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS AND ITS RELATED ISSUES 81\r\nSection 1 The Case EC – Protection of Trademarks and Geographical Indications for Agricultural Products and Foodstuffs\r\nA Background\r\nB Statement of the Case \r\nC The Panel \r\nSection 2 Arguments and Outcomes in the WTO Dispute\r\nA The National Treatment Argument\r\nB The Trademark Argument\r\nC The Significance of the Dispute\r\nD Impact of WTO decision on the European Regulation\r\n\r\nCHAPTER 5 FUTURE REINFORCEMENT IN THE PROTECTION OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS\r\nSection 1 Negotiations for a Multilateral System of Register for Geographical Indications\r\nSection 2 Overselling Geographical Indications to EU Constituencies and to Developing Countries\r\nA The Way Forward for Developing Countries\r\nSection 3 Geographical Indications and Traditional Knowledge\r\n\r\nCHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION 106\r\n\r\nREFERENCES 120 | zh_TW |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | - |
| dc.source.uri | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096961204 | en_US |
| dc.subject | 地理標示 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 與貿易有關之智慧財產權協定 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 擴張保護之爭議 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 註冊爭議 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Geographical Indications | en_US |
| dc.subject | Trademark Law | en_US |
| dc.subject | Appellation of Origin | en_US |
| dc.subject | TRIPS Agreement | en_US |
| dc.subject | Extension Issue | en_US |
| dc.subject | Multilateral System of Register | en_US |
| dc.title | 世界貿易組織下對於地理標示之保護 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | The protection of geographical indications under WTO | en_US |
| dc.type | thesis | en |
| dc.relation.reference | BOOKS | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 1. ANDERMAN, STEVEN D. (eds), THE INTERFACE BETWEEN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND COMPETITION POLICY (2007). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 2. ARUP, CHRISTOPHER, THE NEW WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION AGREEMENTS – GLOBALIZING LAW THROUGH SERVICES AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY (2000). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 3. BAINBRIGE, DAVID & HOWELL, CLAIRE, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW (2009). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 4. BEIER, FRIEDRICH-KARL & SCHRICKER, GERHARD (eds), FROM GATT TO TRIPS: THE AGREEMENT ON TRADE-RELATED ASPECTS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (1996). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 5. COTTIER, THOMAS, TRADE AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION IN WTO LAW, COLLECTED ESSAYS (2005). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 6. DRAHOS, PETER & MAYNE, RUTH (eds), GLOBAL INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS – KNOWLEDGE, ACCESS AND DEVELOPMENT (2002). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 7. DUTFIELD, GRAHAM, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS, TRADE AND BIODIVERSITY (2000). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 8. GERVAIS, DANIEL J. (eds), INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT – STRATEGIES TO OPTIMIZE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN A TRIPS-PLUS ERA (2007). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 9. HEATH, CHRISTOPHER & SANDERS, ANSELM KAMPERMAN (eds), NEW FRONTIERS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW – IP AND CULTURAL HERITAGE, GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS, ENFORCEMENT AND OVERPROTECTION (2005). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 10. MATTHEWS, DUNCAN, GLOBALIZING INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: THE TRIPS AGREEMENT (2002). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 11. PENNER, J. E., THE IDEA OF PROPERTY IN LAW (1997). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 12. VAN DEN BOSSCHE, PETER, THE LAW AND THE POLICY OF THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION: TEXT CASES AND MATERIALS, 2ND EDITION (2008). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 13. WATAL, JAYASHREE, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IN THE WTO AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES (2001). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 14. WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATION (eds), SYMPOSIUM ON THE INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS IN THE WORLDWIDE CONTEXT (1997). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | zh_TW | |
| dc.relation.reference | JOURNALS | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 1. Arup, Christopher, The State of Play of Dispute Settlement ‘‘Law’’ at the World Trade Organization, 37 J. World Trade 897 (2003). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 2. Beier, Friedrich-Karl & Knaak, Roland, The Protection of Direct and Indirect Geographical Indications of Source in Germany and the European Community, 25 IIC 1, 34 (1994). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 3. Bendekgey, Lee & Mead, Caroline H., International Protection of Appellations of Origins and Other Geographic Indications, 82 Trademark Rep. 765 (1992). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 4. Bently, Lionel & Sherman, Brad, The Impact of European Geographical Indications on National Rights in Member States, 96 Trademark Rep. 850 (2006). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 5. Bowers, Steven A., Location, Location, Location: The Case Against Extending Geographical Indication Protection Under the TRIPS Agreement, 31 AIPLA Q.J. 129 (2003). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 6. Brody, Peter M., Protection of Geographical Indications in the Wake of TRIPS: Existing United States Laws and the Administration’s Proposed Legislation, 84 Trademark Rep. 520 (1994). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 7. Calboli, Irene, Expanding the Protection of Geographical Indications of Origin under TRIPS: “Old” Debate or “New” Opportunity?, 10 Marq. Intell. Prop. L. Rev. 181 (2006). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 8. Carmody, Chi, Remedies and Conformity under the WTO Agreement, 5 J. Int`l Econ. L. 307 (2002). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 9. Chen, Jim, A Sober Second Look at Appellations of Origin: How the United States Will Crash France’s Wine and Cheese Party, 5 Minn. J. Global Trade 29 (1996). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 10. Conrad, Albrecht, The Protection of Geographical Indications in the TRIPS Agreement, 86 Trademark Rep. 11 (1996). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 11. Cotton, Amy P., 123 Years at The Negotiating Table and Still No Dessert? The Case in Support of TRIPS Geographical Indication Protections, 82 Chi.-Kent L. Rev. 1295 (2007). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 12. Creditt, Emily C., Terroir VS. Trademarks: The Debate Over Geographical Indications and Expansions to the TRIPS Agreement, 11 Vand. J. Ent. & Tech. L. 425 (2009). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 13. Dawson, Norma, Locating Geographical Indications – Perspectives From English Law, 90 Trademark Rep. 590 (2000). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 14. Ehlermann, Claus-Dieter, Experiences from the WTO Appellate Body, 38 Tex Int’l LJ 469 (2003). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 15. Farley, Christine Haight, Conflicts between U.S. Law and International Treaties Concerning Geographical Indications, 22 Whittier L. Rev. 73 (2000). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 16. Faulhaber, Lilian V., Cured Meat and Idaho Potatoes: A Comparative Analysis of European and American Protection and Enforcement of Geographic Indications of Foodstuffs, 11 Colum. J. Eur. L. 623 (2005). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 17. Fukunaga, Yoshifumi, Enforcing TRIPs: Challenges of Adjudicating Minimum Standards Agreements, 23 Berkeley Tech. L.J. 867 (2008). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 18. Fusco, Stefania, Geographical Indications: A Discussion on the TRIPS Regulation After the Ministerial Conference of Hong Kong, 12 Marq. Intell. Prop. L. Rev. 197 (2008). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 19. Gervais, Daniel, Traditional Knowledge: Are We Closer to the Answers? The Potential Role of Geographical Indications, 15 ILSA J. Int`l & Comp. L. 551 (2009). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 20. Goebel, Burkhart, Geographical Indications and Trademarks – The Road from Doha, 93 Trademark Rep. 964 (2003). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 21. Goebel, Burkhart, Geographical Indications and Trademarks in Europe, 95 Trademark Rep. 1165 (2005). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 22. Goldberg, Stacy D., Who Will Raise the White Flag? The Battle between The United States and The European Union Over the Protection of Geographical Indications, 22 U. Pa. J. Int`l Econ. L. 107 (2001). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 23. Gunlicks, Michael B., A Balance of Interests: The Concordance of Copyright Law and Moral Rights in the Worldwide Economy, 11 Fordham Intell. Prop. Media & Ent. L.J. 601 (2001). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 24. Heald, Paul J., Trademarks and Geographical Indications: Exploring the Contours of the TRIPS Agreement, 29 Vand. J. Transnat`l L. 635 (1996). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 25. Hughes, Justin, Champagne, Feta, and Bourbon: The Spirited Debate About Geographical Indications, 58 Hastings L.J. 299 (2006). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 26. Kazmi, Harun, Does it Make a Difference Where that Chablis Comes From? Geographical indications in TRIPS and NAFTA, 12 J. Contemp. Legal Issues 470 (2001). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 27. Kemp, Deborah J. & Forsythe, Lynn M., Trademarks and Geographical Indications: A Case of California Champagne, 10 Chap. L. Rev. 257 (2006). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 28. Land, Jacqueline Nanci, Global Intellectual Property Protection as Viewed Through the European Community’s Treatment of Geographical Indications: What Lessons Can TRIPS Learn?, 11 Cardozo J. Int`l & Comp. L. 1007 (2004). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 29. Martin, Jose Manuel Cortes, TRIPS Agreement: Towards A Better Protection For Geographical, 30 Brook. J. Int`l L. 117 (2004). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 30. Montén, Lina, Geographical Indications of Origin: Should They be Protected and Why? – An Analysis of the Issue from the US and EU Perspectives, 22 Santa Clara Computer & High Tech. L.J. 315 (2006). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 31. Murphy, Kevin M., Conflict, Confusion, and Bias Under TRIPS Articles 22-24, 19 Am. U. Int`l L. Rev. 1181 (2004). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 32. Nguyen, Xuan-Thao N., Nationalizing Trademarks: A New International Trademark Jurisprudence?, 39 Wake Forest L. Rev. 729 (2004). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 33. Nzelibe, Jide, The Credibility Imperative: The Political Dynamics of Retaliation in the World Trade Organization’s Dispute Resolution Mechanism, 6 Theoretical Inquiries L. 215 (2005). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 34. O`Connor, Bernard, Sui Generis Protection of Geographical Indications, 9 Drake J. Agric. L. 359 (2004). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 35. Okediji, Ruth L., The International Intellectual Property Roots of Geographical Indications, 82 Chi.-Kent L. Rev. 1329 (2007). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 36. Prutzman, Donald L., Geographical Indications – An Emerging Form of Intellectual Property, 18-SPG Int`l L. Practicum 31 (2005). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 37. Puustinen, Seppo, Geographical Indications, Trademarks and the WTO Dispute, 9 Int. T.L.R. 167 (2003). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 38. Renaud, John R., Can’t Get There From Here: How NAFTA and GATT Have Reduced Protection for Geographical Trademarks, 26 Brook. J. Int`l L. 1097 (2001). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 39. Staten, Tunisia L., Geographical Indications Protection Under the TRIPS Agreement: Uniformity Not Extension, 87 J. Pat. & Trademark Off. Soc`y 221 (2005). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 40. The American Society of International Law, United Nations Conference on Environment and Development: Convention on Biological Diversity - 5 June 1992, 31 I.L.M. 818 (1992). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 41. Torsen, Molly, Apples and Oranges (and Wine): Why the International Conversation Regarding Geographical Indications is at A Standstill, 87 J. Pat. & Trademark Off. Soc`y 31 (2005). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 42. Waggoner, Justin M., Acquiring a European Taste for Geographical Indications, 33 Brook. J. Int`l L. 569 (2008). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 43. Wang, Min-Chiuan, The Asian Consciousness and Interests in Geographical Indications, 96 Trademark Rep. 906 (2006). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 44. Waye, Vicki, Assessing Multilateral VS. Bilateral Agreements and Geographic Indications Through International Food and Wine, 14-WTR Currents: Int`l Trade L.J. 56 (2005). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 45. Zou, Jinghua, Rice and Cheese, Anyone? The Fight Over TRIPS Geographical Indications Continues, 30 Brook. J. Int`l L. 1141 (2005). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 46. Zylberg, Philippe, Geographical Indications V. Trademarks: The Lisbon Agreement: A Violation of TRIPS?, 11 U. Balt. Intell. Prop. L.J. 1 (2003). | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | zh_TW | |
| dc.relation.reference | INTERNET | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 1. The Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade website, http://www.dfat.gov.au | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 2. The Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation website, http://www.wineaustralia.com | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 3. The BitLaw website, http://www,bitlaw.com | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 4. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (BATF) website, http://www.atf.gov | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 5. The Cornell University Law School website, http://law.cornell.edu | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 6. The European Commission website, http://ec.europa.eu/index_en.htm | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 7. The European Union website, http://europa.eu/index_en.htm | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 8. The Institut National des Appellations d`Origine (INAO) website, http://www.inao.gouv.fr | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 9. The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) website, http://www.iccwbo.org | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 10. The International Trademark Association website, http://www.inta.org | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 11. The Le Service Public de la Diffusion du Droit website, http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 12. The NAFTA Secretariat website, http://www.nafta-sec-alena.org | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 13. The New York Times website, http://www.nytimes.com | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 14. The Office of the United States Trade Representative website, http://ustraderep.gov | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 15. The United States Patent and Trademark Office website, http://www.uspto.gov | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 16. The WIPO website, http://www.wipo.int/portal/index.html.en | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 17. The WTO website, http://www.wto.org | zh_TW |
| dc.relation.reference | 18. The WTO documents website, http://docsonline.wto.org | zh_TW |
| item.cerifentitytype | Publications | - |
| item.languageiso639-1 | en_US | - |
| item.openairetype | thesis | - |
| item.openairecristype | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_46ec | - |
| item.grantfulltext | open | - |
| item.fulltext | With Fulltext | - |
| Appears in Collections: | 學位論文 | |
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