國立大學教師義務性機構典藏之可行性探討：以政大為例

Abstract

本文針對國立大學教師與研究員參與機構典藏的幾個面向做深入探討。我們首先說明機構典藏與開放取用期刊和自我典藏同為實踐開放取用理念的一體三面。我們接著闡述開放取用的理念在理論上的兩個基礎概念：網路民主與學術自主，並且從以下幾個實質面來論證機構典藏之優點與必要性：圖書館期刊訂閱經費與訂閱期刊數的成長比較、建置機構典藏與購置館藏的成本比較、機構典藏網路環境的引用率增加、機構典藏作為機構智慧資產的管理，以及大學作為研究出資者的權利。我們進而比較義務性與自發性典藏的優缺點，並且檢視現今國際間一流學術機構所採取之作為，最終達到義務參與機構典藏不僅可行而且必要的結論。本文並且以政大為例，針對其現況以及最佳的實施步驟提出具體的建議。\r\nThis paper discusses the various aspects of OA mandate in public universities. We first demonstrate the three actual manifestations of the concept of open access in academia: OA journals, institutional repositories, and personal self-archives. Two notions, Internet democracy and academic autonomy, are employed as the theoretical underpinning for the OA movement. We then argue, from several practical aspects, for the advantage and requirement of OA mandate in public universities: comparison of growth ratios between the library budget and the number of journal subscriptions, costs of institutional OA repositories, increased citations and users of OA articles, institutional repositories as resources of intellectual capital, and finally the rights of universities as research-funders. We further illustrate the advantages derived from the form of OA mandate over those obtained through voluntary or opt-in institutional repositories. The current international development of OA mandate is also examined. We conclude that OA mandate in public universities is not only practical but ultimately unavoidable. Throughout the paper, when appropriate, we use National Chengchi University (NCCU) as a case example to provide concrete examples, and at the end offer specific suggestions for its implementation of OA mandate.