電視新聞媒體組織文化、組織承諾、工作滿意度與工作績效之關係研究-電視記者的觀點

Abstract

台灣電視新聞台林立，其密集之程度在全球相當罕見，而新聞從業人員在同業競爭及新科技發展等現實因素下，所承受之壓力更甚以往，在企業化的經營下，電視台必須考量新聞內容的差異性及多樣性，同時近來壹電視的成立，也造成了電視台不小之影響，在種種環境背景丕變之情況下，更需要進一步了解現今新聞工作者之工作態度及對於工作認同程度，因此本研究藉由電視新聞媒體探討組織文化與組織承諾、工作滿意度、工作績效之關係，希冀提供新聞工作者及電視台經營符合現況之研究結果及實務建議。\n\n本研究之調查對象主要針對電視台新聞記者，並以北部之新聞台記者為主要研究對象，進行量化問卷調查及質性深度訪談方式，透過電視台發放問卷，並安排合適之對象進行深度訪談。除藉由統計分析了解組織文化與組織承諾、工作滿意度、工作績效之關係，亦以深度訪談進行佐證解釋。\n\n研究中發現組織文化對於工作滿意、工作績效、組織承諾均有顯著影響，特別是壹電視記者在組織承諾、工作滿意度、工作績效均優於其他電視台，顯示在特定組織文化上，的確能使得新聞工作者在工作表現上有所提升。另外，組織承諾對於工作滿意、工作績效也有顯著影響，顯示提升組織承諾，當記者認同公司的價值觀和目標後，能使記者恪盡職守，甚至願意在工作之外付出努力。最後，工作滿意對於工作績效也會產生顯著影響，記者的工作滿足來源，來自於認同新聞工作所帶來之社會意義，或是與個人道德觀或價值觀的吻合，當有越高之工作滿意，當然對於工作績效的提升也能有所助益。

Taiwan has extremely high density of television stations which is rare to see in the world. The journalists face a great competition in the market and the fast development of new technology. They have to suffer more stress than ever. In recent years, television stations are forced to think how to make news contents more different and diverse from competitors. This research focus on the relationship between organizational culture and organizational commitment, job satisfaction and work efficiency in television media and eager to provide practical recommendations for journalists and the managers of television station. \n\nThis research aims at the television journalists in north Taiwan and uses questionnaire and depth interview to understand their opinions. Questionnaire analysis shows the relationship between organizational culture and organizational commitment, job satisfaction and work efficiency of journalists and depth interview help to give explanations and proofs. \n\nAccording to the result, organizational culture can affect job satisfaction, work efficiency and organizational commitment.Organizational commitment has positive effect on job satisfaction and work efficiency. When journalists identify with organization’s value and prospect, they are willing to put more efforts on their jobs. Moreover, job satisfaction can also affect work efficiency. Journalists are satisfied with their jobs when news reporting brings meaning to whole society or journalists and news reporting share the same value and moral. Also higher job satisfaction can help to improve work efficiency.