北區三類成人教育機構學習者之主動學習與心流經驗比較研究

Abstract

本研究以台灣北區的社區大學、國立空中大學、大學推廣教育三類學習者為研究對象，旨在探討三者於學術性課程上的「心流經驗」與「主動學習」是否有所差異，若有差異則可能的影響因素又為何？並分析心流經驗與主動學習兩變項間的關係。\n\n本研究的樣本總數為729人，採用立意取樣，研究工具係參考前人改編之心流經驗與主動學習問卷一份，問卷中一併蒐集了關於三類學習者在機構中的學習經驗（包含：學習歷程的頻率、學習歷程的品質等），以期能夠在探討差異的同時，找出影響的可能原因。\n\n資料分析方法採用了結構方程模型（SEM）以作為問卷之驗證性因素分析的方法，在確認了信效度後，以t考驗、單因子變異數分析、單因子多變量分析、共變數分析、積差相關、典型相關等統計方法輔助，以回答上述問題。主要結果發現：\n\n一、「師生討論」、「同儕討論」、「做中學」、「田野調查」與「指導同儕」等學習歷程的頻率與心流經驗、主動學習皆有顯著正相關。\n二、「互動品質」、「課程公共化」、「經驗學習」等學習歷程品質與心流和主動學習有顯著相關。\n三、不同的「學習動機」會造成心流與主動學習的差異，當中以「取得學位」為動機的學習者之心流與主動學習較其他就讀動機者為弱。\n四、三類機構在心流經驗與主動學習的差異依序是：社區大學 > 空中大學 >推廣教育。\n五、主動學習中的「內在動機與熱情」是目前研究者發現三機構在心流經驗中差異的因素之一。\n六、心流經驗中的「自發自足經驗」是目前研究者發現三機構在主動學習上有差異的因素之一。\n七、心流經驗與主動學習兩者具有高度正相關。

The purpose of this study is to compare community university, national open university and university extension education in northern Taiwan, which each refers to flow experience and active learning. This study is also attempted to investigate the possible factors among these organizations which may cause the differences. Another issue in this study is concerned with the relationship between flow experience and active learning.\n\nThe data was collected from 729 adult learners by judgmental sampling, and the questionnaire was based upon a revised questionnaire concerning their flow experience, active learning, and learning experience (including the frequency of learning process and quality of learning process) in academic courses. \n\n The results of this study are as followings: \n1. Flow experience and active learning were positive correlation with the frequency of learning process, which includs “teachers and students discussion ”, “peer-discussion”, “learning by doing”, “field work” and “peer-tutoring”.\n2. Flow experience and active learning were positive correlation with the quality of learning process, which includs “quality of interaction”, “curriculum publication”, and “experiential learning”.\n3. The different learning motivation affect the flow experience and active learning among learners in these three organizations, especially the learners who chose “learning for the academic degree” were averaged lower than others. \n4. Comparing with three organizations about the flow experience and active learning performance: community university is better than national open university and university extension education. Moreover, the national open university is better than university extension education. \n5. The“intrinsic motivation and passion” is one of the factors which affect flow experience.\n6. The “autotelic experience” is one of the factors which affect active learning.\n7. The flow experience is positive correlation with active learning.