考慮委外生產與技術變動下，調高台灣最低工資對工資不均度與所得不均度之影響---可計算一般均衡分析

Abstract

隨著全球化的推展與科技技術的進步，各國無論在工資結構或所得分配上，逐漸顯現出工資差距擴大 [亦稱為工資不均度(wage inequality)擴大] 與所得分配不均程度加深 [亦稱為所得不均度(income inequality)擴大] 的現象。針對此一主題，過去文獻 [如 Feenstra and Hanson (1999) 與Hijaen (2007)] 認為，委外生產 (outsourcing) 與技術改變 (technological change) 是擴大工資不均度與所得不均度的主要原因，而最低工資 (minimum wage) 的調整有助於降低工資不均度與所得不均度 [如DiNardo et al. (1996)、Koeniger et al. (2007)、Dube et al. (2007) 、Levy (1989) 與Juhn et al. (1993)]。雖然過去已經有文獻討論到最低工資的調整對工資不均度的影響，然而截至目前為止，既有的文獻都不曾將「委外生產」與「技術改變」等兩項重要因素納入考量。除此之外，既有的文獻在探討委外生產與技術改變對工資不均度的影響時，其所採用的分析法大都侷限在傳統計量迴歸估計的部分均衡分析法，而不曾有相關文獻採用一般均衡的分析法作全面性的評估。針對過去文獻的缺失，本研究將進行兩年期的研究計畫，在同時考量「委外生產」與「技術改變」等兩項重要因素下，以可計算一般均衡（computable general equilibrium; CGE）模型來探討我國最低工資調整對工資不均度與所得不均度的影響。

The wage and income inequalities have been augmenting around the world. Previous research (e.g. Feenstra and Hanson, 1999; Hijaen, 2007) shows that outsourcing and technological change cause the results, and minimum wage adjustment can reduce the inequalities (DiNardo et al., 1996; Koeniger et al., 2007; Dube et al., 2007; Levy, 1989; Juhn et al., 1993). Even though the theoretical and empirical literature on the impacts of minimum wage adjustment on wage and income inequalities is amount, the research by taking into account the effects of outsourcing and technological change is rare. In particular, little attention has been paid to the implications from the viewpoints of general equilibrium analysis. The purpose of this research is to develop a theoretical model to analyze the impacts of minimum wage adjustment on the wage and income inequalities under consideration of outsourcing and technological changes. The theoretical results will be verified by using Taiwan data through a computable general equilibrium model analysis. The policy suggestions will be provided as well