Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/54127
題名: GATS服務委外相關問題之研究
The analyses for issues related to service offshoring under GATS
作者: 賴一帆
貢獻者: 張新平<br>Chung, Chin Ping
賴一帆
關鍵詞: 服務
委外
GATS
日期: 2008
上傳時間: 24-Oct-2012
摘要: 20世紀90年代開始,隨著資訊與數位化科技之發展,企業發現將服務委由其他國家代勞,不僅可節省支出、彌補企業內部專業人力之不足,更能提升競爭力,形成一股服務委外風潮。此現象雖引起國內外學者從經濟學或管理學角度之熱烈討論,然從法律觀點切入探討服務委外可能產生之影響與問題相對較為不足,有鑑於服務委外帶來之影響係橫跨GATS所有服務部門,對GATS既有架構、承諾表填寫方式、以及WTO會員談判策略所造成之衝擊相當可觀,本文擬採用文獻分析之方式,嘗試以服務委外為楔子,從WTO/GATS的角度觀察服務委外對全球服務貿易所造成的影響,以及WTO/GATS是否提供足夠、完善的法律依據,探討GATS規範是否有值得檢討之處。
\"第一章 緒論 1\r\n第一節 研究動機與目的 1\r\n第二節 研究範圍與方法 2\r\n第三節 論文結構 2\r\n第二章 委外之興起與實務運作 5\r\n第一節 委外與境外委外之定義 5\r\n第一項 委外 5\r\n第二項 境外委外 6\r\n第二節 委外興起之歷程 8\r\n第三節 企業委外實務 11\r\n第一項 企業委外之動機 11\r\n第二項 企業委外之效益 12\r\n第三項 服務委外之類型 15\r\n第四項 企業委外之風險與監督 16\r\n第四節 服務境外委外之爭論與影響 18\r\n第一項 服務境外委外優劣之爭論 18\r\n第二項 服務境外委外之影響 19\r\n第五節 本章結論 28\r\n第三章 服務境外委外適用GATS所產生之問題探討 31\r\n第一節 服務分類機制對委外服務的影響 31\r\n第一項 資訊科技與企業流程委外之經濟活動範圍 32\r\n第二項 服務分類現狀 35\r\n第三項 委外服務無法適用現行服務分類之原因 50\r\n第四項 服務分類問題解決方案 51\r\n第五項 本節結論 54\r\n第二節 服務供給模式間之互動 56\r\n第三節 跨境提供服務 60\r\n第一項 自境外提供服務 61\r\n第二項 跨境提供服務之管制 70\r\n第四節 模式三與模式四對服務境外委外之影響 77\r\n第一項 商業據點 77\r\n第二項 自然人移動 79\r\n第五節 GATS處理服務境外委外問題之方向 81\r\n第一項 開放特定服務項目之跨境貿易 83\r\n第二項 取消所有服務項目之水平限制 86\r\n第三項 制定資訊科技服務協定 90\r\n第四項 小結 91\r\n第四章 我國發展服務境外委外之評估 93\r\n第一節 我國服務業之發展 93\r\n第一項 我國產業結構之變遷 93\r\n第二項 我國服務業發展瓶頸 95\r\n第二節 我國服務貿易之表現 97\r\n第一項 我國服務貿易出口 97\r\n第二項 服務境外委外對我國服務業之影響 101\r\n第三節 政府相關政策與配套措施 109\r\n第一項 建構良好之發展環境 109\r\n第二項 政府政策與措施 111\r\n第三項 政策檢討與加強 120\r\n第四節 結論 125\r\n第五章 結論與建議 127\r\n第一節 結論 127\r\n第二節 建議 130\r\n參考文獻 135\r\n附件一 151\r\n附件二 159\"
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Roach,外包、保護主義及全球勞動力套利,2003年11月11日。\r\n2.丁惠民,資訊基礎建設之委外策略與執行管理,電子化企業經理人報告,2001年2月。\r\n3.于泳泓,企業委外服務起源與趨勢面面觀(一),會計研究月刊,第225期,2004年8月。\r\n4.于泳泓、黃進栓,以標竿企業的實務經驗為例-委外策略量身而定,整合流程加強管理,會計研究月刊,第228期,2004年11月。\r\n5.王正芬,我國服務貿易發展現況與面臨的挑戰,中央銀行季刊,2007年6月。\r\n6.王昭旺,數位內容產業對高等技職教育發展的影響-以培育健全的人力資源為依歸,博學,2006年6月。\r\n7.王健全,鬆綁法規提升商業競爭力,經濟前瞻,2007年11月。\r\n8.王健全、林嘉慧、賴美玲,服務業國際化發展策略,台灣經濟研究月刊,2006年11月。\r\n9.王碧玲,淺論台灣醫療旅遊之發展,科技發展政策報導,2008年3月。\r\n10.王馨逸,企業委外服務的風險管理,風險與保險雜誌,2006年10月。\r\n11.白仁德、黃昱中,全球化浪潮下對臺FDI趨勢分析與因應策略之思考,臺灣經濟金融月刊,第43卷第4期,2007年4月。\r\n12.吳怡萱,多益九百分才夠格上國際談判桌,商業週刊,第1038期,2007年10月。\r\n13.吳明彥,台灣醫界新藍海-醫療服務國際化,台灣服務業發展簡訊,第15期。\r\n14.吳家豪,從2015年產業發展套案論述我國服務業未來發展契機,台灣經濟研究月刊,第30卷第4期,2007年4月。\r\n15.吳德鳳,放眼印度新興服務業―軟體與委外服務,台灣經濟研究月刊,2005年12月。\r\n16.李俊勳,委外作業的風險管理原則,國際金融參考資料,第48輯,2003年3月。\r\n17.李彥甫,鑑賞、融資、完工保證―發展數位內容產業的財務三部曲,通訊雜誌,2004年3月。\r\n18.李淳,「WTO電信服務業產業論壇」座談會實錄―WTO電信服務業為業者帶來什麼利益?中華經濟研究院台灣WTO中心,WTO電子報議題論壇特刊,2006年11月。\r\n19.李智仁,金融機構作業委外之監理規範探析,台灣金融財務季刊,2006年。\r\n20.李瑞珠,知識密集服務業發展策略之探討,台灣經濟論衡,第2卷第9期,2004年9月。\r\n21.李筱苹,電信自由化與科技匯流時代的電信普及服務政策,律師雜誌,第296期,2004年5月。\r\n22.杜英儀,台灣服務業發展現況,經濟前瞻,2003年11月。\r\n23.杜英儀,從「服務業發展綱領及行動方案」看我國服務業的融資困境,經濟前瞻。\r\n24.杜英儀,推動台灣智慧財產權融資機制之建議,經濟前瞻,2002年11月。\r\n25.周逸衡,台灣中小型服務業的發展瓶頸與解決之道,國家政策論壇第1卷第7期,2001年9月。\r\n26.林公孚,外包實務運作中的一些課題,品質月刊,2004年7月。\r\n27.林公孚,企業策略致勝利器-外包,品質月刊,2004年6月。\r\n28.林隆儀、李水河,關係品質在服務外包對組織績效的影響效果之研究 -以交通部暨所屬機關為例,台灣管理學刊,2005年2月。\r\n29.孫明德,中國貿易結構與FDI趨勢探討,臺灣經濟研究月刊,第30卷第4期,2007年4月。\r\n30.張新平,GATS自然人移動有關問題之探討,政大法學評論,第80期,2004年8月。\r\n31.張子方、黃貝玲,業務處理委外(BPO)之現況與未來發展趨勢分析,電子化企業經理人報告,2001年2月。\r\n32.張添盛,從offshoring對美國的影響談起,機械工業雜誌,第291期,2007年6月。\r\n33.張溫波,服務業在經濟發展中之地位,台灣經濟金融月刊,第40卷第11期,2005年11月。\r\n34.梁莉莎,三角貿易之研究:信用狀與境外公司之操作,中華技術學院學報,2007年12月。\r\n35.陳依蘋,委外的策略思考--彈性創新提昇績效 點「實」成金反「縮」為盈,會計研究月刊,第228期,2004年11月。\r\n36.陳依蘋、鄭惠之,企業委外風潮正起,會計研究月刊,第178期,2000年9月。\r\n37.陳信宏、蔡慧美,有效因應全球化趨勢與國際密切接軌,經濟前瞻,2008年3月。\r\n38.陳郁雯,外包,再造競爭優勢,人力發展,2000年4月。\r\n39.彭心儀,國際貿易訴訟帶來之服務業新風貌,2006年11月1日,\r\n http://twcsi.org.tw/modulesnews/article.php?storyid=7\r\n40.彭心儀,論WTO多邊架構下以特定服務部門為基礎之競爭規範:以GATS電信參考文件為核心,政大法學評論,第76期。\r\n41.程玉秀、方慧娟,國際間自由貿易協定之發展及其對我國的影響,國際金融參考資料,第四十九輯,2002年。\r\n42.程麗弘,專門職業及技術人員與服務經濟時代證照市場發展趨勢探討,國家菁英季刊,2005年9月。\r\n43.馮震宇,企業委外之法律問題分析,能力雜誌,2000年4月。\r\n44.黃貝玲,企業委外服務的策略與挑戰,電子化企業經理人報告,2001年2月。\r\n45.楊光華,電子商務時代之服務貿易,商事法暨財經法論文集—王仁宏教授六十歲生日祝賀論文集,1999年。\r\n46.楊家彥,論台灣服務業發展環境之建構,台灣經濟研究月刊,2006年11月。\r\n47.葉懿倫,亞洲自由貿易浪潮下台灣面對國際經貿的挑戰與因應,台灣經濟研究月刊,2007年12月。\r\n48.路豐璟、呂逸卉,WTO服務業貿易談判之主要議題與可能影響,貿易政策論叢,第5期,2006年。\r\n49.趙文璋,全球產業委外發展趨勢其及經濟意涵,台灣經濟金融月刊,第42卷第12期,2006年12月。\r\n50.劉宜君,醫療觀光政策與永續發展之探討,夥伴關係與永續發展國際學術研討會發表文章,2008年。\r\n51.劉宜君,觀光醫療與國家競爭力之分析,中華國家競爭力研究學會會員大會暨「海峽兩岸政府競爭力與治理績效」學術研討會,2007年10月。\r\n52.蔡宗羲,從日本經驗看八O年代以來台灣經濟發展策略之課題分析,華岡科學報,第15期,2001年。\r\n53.蔡豐隆、王鳳生,全球策略外包下工作性質轉化之省思與展望,亞太經濟管理評論,第8卷第2期,2005年3月。\r\n54.鄭雅綺,服務創新特質與政策意涵,台灣金融經月刊,第40卷第4期,2004年4月。\r\n55.蕭國輝,我國服務業的發展現況與未來展望,主計月刊,2007年11月。\r\n56.錢思敏,數位內容產業之現在與未來,台灣經濟研究月刊,第28卷第6期,2005年6月。\r\n57.謝宗林、吳惠林,服務業發展理論綜述─兼論美國服務業的發展,台灣經濟論衡,2004年8月。\r\n58.瞿宛文,台灣後起者能藉自創品牌升級嗎,台灣社會研究季刊第63期,2006年9月。\r\n(三)學位論文\r\n1.吳彬安,《我國發展健康保健旅遊可行性模式之探討》,國立臺灣大學管理學院碩士在職專班高階公共管理組碩士論文,2008年1月。\r\n2.林伊君,《GATS同類服務與服務供給者問題之研究》,國立政治大學法律研究所碩士論文,2008年1月。\r\n3.林莉璇,《WTO服務貿易規範中國內規章條款之硏究》,國立政治大學國際貿易研究所碩士論文,2000年。\r\n4.洪佳琳,《由安地瓜控告美國禁止線上博奕案─探討服務貿易之部門分類標準》,國立政治大學國際貿易研究所碩士論文,2004年7月。\r\n5.廖宇,《委外服務生命週期之探討:以資訊科技委外與企業流程委外為例》,國立政治大學企業管理硏究所碩士論文,2004年11月。\r\n6.劉漢威,《GATS自然人移動之重要議題及我國相關對策分析》,國立政治大學法律研究所碩士論文,2004年。\r\n7.鄭琮憲,《GATS郵政快遞服務貿易相關問題之研究-以分類標準與到達費議題為中心》,國立政治大學國際貿易研究所碩士論文,2005年6月。\r\n(四)政府出國報告書與研究報告\r\n1.馬道、吳明澤、陳文郎、林谷合、龍嘯天、施友元,《服務業外包趨勢與我國商機》,2006年12月。\r\n2.張建一、吳家豪、李佳頤,《我國服務業發展策略之規劃》,臺灣經濟研究院研究報告,2007年12月。\r\n3.薛立敏、杜英儀、陳章真、季延平、黃耀賢、李中文,《我國服務業在GATS四種模式之現況分析報告及溝通研討會》,中華經濟研究院,2003年12月。\r\n4.陳雪華、項潔、陳香君、郭筑盈、朱瀅潔,<台灣地區數位內容產業人力發展之研究>。\r\n5.蔡鴻坤、李漢修、阮靜如、林淑美、高志祥、張永珍、賴武志,《赴OECD及Eurostat研習報告》,行政院主計處,2005年1月。\r\n6.林彩瑜,<WTO服務貿易國內規章之研究>,行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告,2005年。\r\n7.林怡君,2008醫療旅遊研討會,行政院衛生署出國考察報告,2008年3月。\r\n8.IC設計園區聯網計畫,經濟部工業局93年度專案計畫執行成果報告,2004年12月。\r\n9.南港軟體園區IC設計研發中心計畫,經濟部工業局94年度專案計畫執行成果報告,2005年 12 月。\r\n10.童超塵、張舜傑、曾俊傑,建構台灣IC 設計業之供應商績效評比架構,2006第10屆科際整合管理研討會。\r\n二、英文部分\r\n(一)書籍\r\n1.Alpesh B. Patel and Hemendra Aran, OUTSOURCING SUCCESS: THE MANAGEMENT IMPERATIVE (2005)\r\n2.OECD, OFFSHORING AND EMPLOYMENT-TRENDS AND IMPACTS (2007)\r\n3.Offshoring for Long-Term adventage, The 2007 A.T. Kearney Global Services Location Index\r\n4.Sacha Wunsch-Vincent, THE WTO, THE INTERNET AND TRADE IN DIGITAL PRODUCTS: EC-US PERSPECTIVE, Oxford and Portland, Oregon (2006)\r\n5.UNCTAD, WORLD INVESTMENT PROSPECTS SRUVEY 2007-2009\r\n6.WTO, GATS—FACT AND FICTION (2001).\r\n7.WTO, GUIDE TO THE GATS: AN OVERVIEW OF ISSUES FOR FURTHER LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE IN SERVICES (2000).\r\n8.WORLD TRADE REPORT 2005\r\n9.WORLD TRADE REPORT 2004\r\n10.WORLD TRADE REPORT 2008\r\n(二)期刊文章與專論\r\n1.Ahuja, Rajeev, Outsourcing and Job Loss: A protectionist fallacy, ICRIER Working Paper No. 136 (June 2004)\r\n2.Altinger, L. and A. Enders, The Scope and Depth of GATS Commitments, The World Economy, Volume 19, Issue 3 (May 1996)\r\n3.Aly K. Abu-Akeel, Definition of Trade in Services Under The GATS: Legal Implications, 32 GW J. Int’l & Econ. 189 (1999)\r\n4.Amiti, Mary & Shang-Jin Wei, Demystifying Outsourcing: The numbers do not support the hype over job losses, Finance & Development (December 2004)\r\n5.Arkell, Julian, Key challenges for measuring GATS Mode 3: commercial presence, World Health Organisation, Assessment of GATS and Trade in Health Services, An International consultation on Monitoring and Research Priorities, 9-11 January 2002, Geneva, Switzerland\r\n6.Aspray, William, Frank Mayadas, Moshe Y. Vardi, Editors, Globalization and Offshoring of Software: A Report of the ACM Job Migration Task Force (2006)\r\n7.Berkey, Judson O., A Framework Agreement for Electronic Commerce Regulation under the GATS (1 January 2002)\r\n8.Bhagwati, Jagdish, Arvind Panagariya & T.N. Srinivasan, The Muddles over Outsourcing, 18(4) Journal of Economic Perspectives 93 98 (2004)\r\n9.Bhagwati, Jagdish, Arvind Panagariya and T.N. Srinivasan, The Muddles over Outsourcing, Journal of Economic Perspectives, Volume 18, Number 4 (2004)\r\n10.Bierce, William B., International Trade Regulation in Outsourcing: Update on Doha Round and U.S. Free Trade Agreements and Impact on Offshore and Nearshore BPO, available at http://www.outsourcing-law.com/WTO_Doha.htm.\r\n11.McCallum, B. T. Jacoby, P. F., Medical Outsourcing: Reducing Clients` Health Care Risks, Journal of Financial Planning(October 2007)\r\n12.Carlos A. Primo Braga and Kjersti Brokhaug, Services and the Doha Development Agenda, a note on the Working Group on Trade of the Parliamentary Network on the World Bank (PNoWB)\r\n13.Carlos A. Primo Braga, E-Commerce Regulation: New Game, New Rules? The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance (5 March 2005)\r\n14.Chanda, Rupa, Implications of Business Support Services for Development: Lessons for the GATS negotiations\r\n15.Chanda, Rupa, Trade in Services and South Asia: An Aggressive Agenda, South Asian Yearbook of Trade and Development (2005)\r\n16.Colleen Walsh Schultz, To Offshore or not to Offshore: Which Nations Will Win a Disproportionate Share of the Economic Value Generated From The Globalization of White-Collar Jobs, 29 Hous. J. Int’l L231 (2006)\r\n17.Delimatsis, Panagiotis, Due Process and ‘Good’ Regulation Embedded in the GATS-Disciplining Regulatory Behavior in Services through Article VI of the GATS, 10 J. Int’l Econ. L. 13 (March 2007)\r\n18.Engman, Michael, International Sourcing of IT and Business Process Services: Experiences From The United States, The European Union And India (2005)\r\n19.Ernesto Hernandez-Lopez, Trade in Electronic Commerce Services under the WTO: The Need to Clearly Classify Electronic Transmissions as Services and Not Tariff-Liable, Journal of World Intellectual Property, Vol. 4( 2001)\r\n20.Fink, Carsten and Marion Jansen, Services provisions in regional trade agreements: stumbling or building blocks for multilateral liberalization? (August 2007)\r\n21.Ganguly, Debjani, Barriers to Movement of Natural Persons: A Study of Federal, State, and Sector-Specific Restrictions to Mode 4 in the United States of America, ICRIER, Working Paper No.169 (September 2005)\r\n22.Garner, C. Alan, Offshoring in the Service Sector: Economic Impact and Policy Issues (2004)\r\n23.Gwyn Vander Weerdt, Analyzing the Debate over Offshore Outsourcing in the Services Industry: Is there a Reason for Concern?(July 2006)\r\n24.Halliday, Tracy, The World of Offshoring: H-1B Visas Can Be Utilized to Curb The Business Trend of Offshoring, Hamline Journal of Public Law and Policy (2004)\r\n25.Hauser, Heinz and Sacha Wunsch-Vincent, A Call for a WTO E-Commerce Initiative, 6 Int’l J. Comm. L. & Pol’y 1 (2000)\r\n26.Hoekman, Bernard, Rules of Origin for Goods and Services – Conceptual Issues and Economic Considerations, 27 J. World Trade 81,86 (1993)\r\n27.Hoekman, Bernard and Aaditya Mattoo, Regulatory Cooperation, Aid for Trade and the GATS, Pacific Economic Review (2007)\r\n28.Hufbauer, Gary and Sherry Stephenson, Service Trade: Past Liberalization and Future Challenges, 10 J. Int`l Econ. L. 605 (September 2007)\r\n29.Kirkegaard, Jacob Funk, Offshoring, Outsourcing, and Production Relocation-Labor-Market Effect in the OECD Countries and Developing Asia, Peterson Institute for International Economics (April 2007)\r\n30.Jansen Marion and Roberta Piermartini, The Impact of Mode 4 on Trade in Goods and Services, WTO Staff Working Paper (November 2004)\r\n31.Justin kent Holcombe, Solutions for Regulating Offshore Outsourcing in Service Sector: Using the Law, Market, International Mechanisms, and Collective Organizations as Building Blocks, 7 U. Pa. J. Lab.& Emp. L. 539 (2005)\r\n32.Kuznar, Andzelika, Main Factors Affecting the Growing Share of Services in International Trade, Institute of International Economics\r\n33.Lapid, Karen, Outsourcing and Offshoring Under the GATS, Journal of World Trade, Vol. 40:1(2006)\r\n34.Luis Abugattas Majluf, Offshore Outsourcing of Services: Trends and Challenges for Developing Countries, preliminary draft (February 2006)\r\n35.Malkawi, Bashar H., E-Commerce in Light of International Trade Agreements: The WTO and The United States-Jordan Free Trade Agreement, 15 Int’l J.L. & Info. Tech. 153(2006)\r\n36.Mamtaz Uddin Ahmed and Mohammad Abu Yusuf, GATS : What is in It for LDCs and Bangladesh? The Cost and Management Vol. 34 No. 2 (March-April 2006)\r\n37.Manning, Chris and Alexandra Sidorenko, The Regulation of Professional Migration: Insights from the Health and IT Sectors in ASEAN, The World Economy (2007)\r\n38.Mashayekhi, Mina, Accessing Developing Countries’ Knowledge Pool and Creating a Global Thinking System (April 2005)\r\n39.Mattoo, Aaditya, Developing Countries in the New Round of GATS Negotiations: Towards a Pro-Active Role, World Economy April 2000, Vol. 23, No. 4, 471-489 (1999)\r\n40.Mattoo, Aaditya and Sacha Wunsch-Vincent, Preempting Protectionism in Services: The GATS and Outsourcing, 7 J. Int`l Econ. L. 765 (January 2004)\r\n41.Nag, Biswajit, Business process outsourcing: Impact and implications, Bulletin on Asia-Pacific Perspectives (May 2004)\r\n42.Pruzin D., WTO Members Said to See Existing Pacts As Handling Electronic Commerce Questions, BNA International Trade Reporter (19 May 1999)\r\n43.Puri, Lakshmi, Trade in Services, Gender and Development-A Tale of Two Modes, Trade and Gender Opportunities and Challenges for Developing Countries, UNCTAD (2004)\r\n44.Sako, Mari, Outsourcing and Offshoring: Key Trends and Issues, Said Business School, Oxford (November 2005)\r\n45.Steenkamp, Leon, Challenges posed by electronic commerce to the operation and implementation of the General Agreement on Trade in Services, Working Paper 2/2004 (2004)\r\n46.Sturgeon, Timothy J. & Frank Levy, Measuring The Offshoring of Service Work and Its Impact on the United States (28 March 2005)\r\n47.Terry, Nicolas P., The Poritics of Health Law: Under-Regulated Health Care Phenomena in a Flat World: Medical Tourism and Outsourcing, 29 W. New Eng. L. Rev. 421 (2007)\r\n48.Tinawi, Emad & Berkey Judson O. E-Services and the WTO: The Adequacy of the GATS Classification Framework, OECD Forum on E-Services (October 1999).\r\n49.Trachtman, Joel P., Lessons for the GATS from Existing WTO Rules on Domestic Regulation, in DOMESTIC REGULATION AND SERVICE TRADE LIBERALIZATION, A copublication of the World Bank and Oxford University Press (Aaditya Mattoo & Pierre Sauvé, 2003)\r\n50.Vincent, Sacha.Wunsch, Electronic Services: Its Regulatory Barriers and the Role of the WTO (2001)\r\n51.Wallach, Lori, Fiona Wright and Chris Slevin, Addressing the Regulatory Vacuum: Policy Considerations Regarding Public and Private Sector Service Job Off-shoring, Public Citizen (June 2004)\r\n52.Weber, Rolf H., Information Technology Markets--Asia`s Opportunity to Revitalise the WTO, 37 HKLJ 185 (2007)\r\n53.Zleptnig, Stefan, The GATS and internet-based services: between market access and domestic regulation, Cambridge Review of International Affairs, Volume 20, Number 1 (March 2007)\r\n(三)研究報告\r\n1.Aaditya Mattoo and Ludger Schuknecht, Trade Policies for Electronic Commerce, World Bank Working Paper (2000)\r\n2.Désirée van Gorp, Pieter Klaas Jagersma and Motoko Ike’e, Offshoring in the Service Sector : A European Perspective, NRG Working Paper no. 06-06 (January 2006)\r\n3.Desirée van Welsum and Graham Vickery, Potential off-shoring of IC-Intensive Occupations, Enhancing the Performance of the Services Sector, OECD (May 2005)\r\n4.Electronic Commerce and Information and Communication Technologies for Development: Selected Issues, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, TD/B/COM.3/62, (7 October 2003)\r\n5.Habibullah Khan and M. Shahidul Islam, Outsourcing, Migration, and Brain Drain in the Global Economy: Issues and Evidence, U21Global Working Paper (September 2006)\r\n6.Michael Engman, Expending International Supply Chains: The Role of Emerging Economies in Providing IT and Business Process Services, OECD, TD/TC/WP(2007)2/FINAL(25 May 2007)\r\n7.OECD Working Party on the Information Economy, Is China the New Centre for Offshoring of IT and ICT-Enabled Services?, DSTI/ICCP/IE(2006)10/FINAL (29 March 2007)\r\n8.OECD, Classifying Information and Communication Technology(ICT) Services, DSTI/ICCP/IIS(2006)11/FINAL (1 March 2007)\r\n9.OECD, Potential Impacts of International Sourcing on Different Occupations, DSTI/ICCP/IE(2006)1/FINAL (19 Oct 2006)\r\n10. OECD, Potential Offshoring of ICT-Intensive Using Occupations, DSTI/ICCP/IE(2004)19/FINAL (5 April 2005)\r\n11.OECD, Regulation of Services Traded Electronically, TD/TC/WP(2002)32/FINAL (11 December 2002)\r\n12.Rupa Chanda, Inter-Model Linkages in Service Trade, OECD Trade Policy Working Paper No.30, TD/TC/WP/(2004)41/FINAL (27 January 2006)\r\n13.Sacha Wunsch-Vincent and Joanna McIntosh, WTO, E-commerce, and Information Technologies – From the Uruguay Round through the Doha Development Agenda, A Report for the UN ICT Task Force\r\n14.South Centre, Classification in Services: An Overview of the Main Issues for Developing Countries, SC/TADP/AN/SV/11(January 2005)\r\n15.South Centre, Classification Issues in the Current GATS Negotiations: A Review of the Different Proposals and Some Preliminary Considerations, SC/TADP/AN/SV/1 (April 2003)\r\n16.UNCTAD secretariat, Business Process Offshore Outsourcing: Untapped Opportunities for SMEs, UNCTAD/SDTE/TIB/2005/6 (2005)\r\n17.UNCTAD Secretariat, Trade in Services and Development Implications, TD/B/COM.1/71(20 January 2005)\r\n18.UNCTAD, Report of the Expert Meeting in Suport of the Implementation and Follow-Up of Wsis: Using ICTs to Achieve Growth and Development, TD/B/COM.3/EM.29/3 (22 December 2006)\r\n19.UNCTAD, Report of the Expert Meeting on Strengthening Participation of Developing Countries in Dynamic and New Sectors of World Trade: Trends, Issues and Policies, TD/B/COM.1/EM.26/3 (1 March 2005)\r\n20.UNCTAD, Using ICTs to Achieve Growth and Development, TD/B/COM.3/EM.29/2 (11 September 2006)\r\n(四)WTO文件\r\n1.CTS, Symposium on Cross Border Supply of Services, JOB(05)/58 (20 April 2005)\r\n2.CTS, Communication from Australia, Chile, Hong Kong China, India, Mexico and the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu, Joint Statement on the Cross-Border Symposium held by WTO in April, 2005, JOB(05)/90 (1 June 2005)\r\n3.CTS, Communication from Chile, Hong Kong China, India and Mexico, Discussion Paper on Relevant Issues for Liberalization of Cross Border Supply in GATS Negotiations, JOB(05)/214 (29 September 2005)\r\n4.COMTD, Note on Outsourcing - Note by the Secretariat, WT/COMTD/W/116 (16 June 2003)\r\n5.WTO, Declaration on Global Electronic Commerce, WT/MIN(98)/DEC/2 (25 May 1998)\r\n6.COMTD, Developmental Aspects of the Doha Round of Negotiations - Note by the Secretariat, WT/COMTD/W/143/Rev.3 (22 May 2007)\r\n7.COMTD, Note on the meeting of 22 March 2007, WT/COMTD/LDC/M/46(13 June 2007)\r\n8.WTO, Work Programme on Electronic Commerce - Submission by the United States, S/C/7 (11 February 1999)\r\n9.CTS, Interim Report to the General Council, Programme on Electronic\r\nCommerce-Interim Report to the General Council, S/C/8 (March 31,1999)\r\n10.CSC, Compendium of Classification Proposals - Informal Note by the Secretariat, JOB(02)/143, JOB(02)/143/Rev. 1 (14 October 2002, 24 February 2003)\r\n11.CTS, Communication from Chile, India and Mexico - Joint Statement on Liberalization of Mode 1 under GATS negotiations, JOB(04)/87 (28 June 2004)\r\n12.CTS, Paper by the International Organization for Migration (IOM), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and the World Bank, Report of the Seminar on Trade and Migration, JOB(04)/138 (27 September 2004)\r\n13.CTS, Paper by the United nations conference on trade and development (UNCTAD), Report of the Expert Meeting on Market Access Issues in Mode 4 (Movement of Natural Persons to Supply Services) and the Effective Implementation of Article IV on Increasing the Participation of Developing Countries, JOB(04)/139 (27 September 2004)\r\n14.CTS, Mode 3 - Information Note by the Secretariat, JOB(05)/195 (19 September 2005)\r\n15.CTS, Mode 1/Mode 2 - Information Note by the Secretariat, JOB(05)/205(22 September 2005)\r\n16.CTS, Communication from Rwanda on Behalf of the African Group, S&D Proposals in the GATS, JOB(05)/151(13 July 2005)\r\n17.CTS, Communication from the delegation of Zambia on behalf of the LDC Group, LDC Group Request on Mode 4, JOB(06)/155(24 May 2006)\r\n18.CSC, Classification of Distribution Services - Informal Note from the European Communities, JOB(07)/138 (17 September 2007)\r\n19.CTS, Communication from China, India, Pakistan, Peru, and Thailand - Liberal Mode 4 Commitments: a Win-Win for all Members, JOB(07)/175(12 November 2007)\r\n20.CTS, Commnication form Chile, Review of Progress in Computer and Related Services (CRS), JOB(07)/196 (5 December 2007)\r\n21.CTS, Communication from the European Communities - Review of Progress in Mode 3, JOB(07)/209(5 December 2007)\r\n22.CTS, Services Signalling Conference - Report by the Chairman of the TNC, JOB(08)/93(30 July 2008)\r\n23.WTO, Services Sectoral Classification List, MTN.GNS/W/120 (10 July 1991)\r\n24.Trade in Services, Work Programme on Electronic Commerce, Progress Report to the General Council, S/L/74 (27 July 1999)\r\n25.Trade in Services, Guidelines and Procedures for the Negotiations on Trade in Services, S/L/93 (29 March 2001)\r\n26.Trade in Services, Guidelines for the Scheduling of Specific Commitments under the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), S/L/92 (28 March 2001)\r\n27.CSC, Communication from European Communities and Their Member States, Coverage of CPC 84 – Computer and Related Services, S/CSC/W/35 (24 October 2002)\r\n28.CSC, Communication formSeparate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu, Computer and Related Services, S/CSC/W/37 (8 January 2003)\r\n29.CSC, Communication form United States, Classification in the Telecommunications Sector under the WTO-GATS Framework, S/CSC/W/45(22 February 2005)\r\n30.CSC, Communication from European Communities, Classification in the Telecom Sector under the WTO-GATS Framework, S/CSC/W/44(10 February 2005)\r\n31.CSC, Communication form Alnania, Australia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Croatia, the European Communities, Hong Kong China, Japan, Mexico, Norway, Peru, the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu, Turkey and the United States, Understanding on the scope of coverage of CPC 84 - Computer and Related Services, S/CSC/W/51 (26 January 2007)\r\n32.CSS, Communication from European Communities and Their Member States, GATS 2000: Computer and Related Services (CPC 84) – Addendum, S/CSS/W/34/Add.1 (15 July 2002)\r\n33.CSS, Communication form Canada, Initial Negotiating Proposal on Computer and Related Services, S/CSS/W/56(14 March 2001)\r\n34.CSS, Communication from Mercosur, Computer and Related Services, S/CSS/W/95 (9 July 2001)\r\n35.CSS, Communication from Costarica, Computer and Related Services, S/CSS/W/129 (30 November 2001)\r\n36.CTS, Report of the Meeting Held on 28 June and 2 July 2004 - Note by the Secretariat, TN/S/M/11(8 September 2004)\r\n37.CTS, Report of the Meeting Held on 27 September and 1 October 2004 - Note by the Secretariat, TN/S/M/12(9 November 2004)\r\n38.CTS, Report of the Meeting Held on 29 November and 3 December 2004 - Note by the Secretariat, TN/S/M/13(28 January 2005)\r\n39.CTS, Report of the Meeting Held on 21, 22 and 25 February 2005 - Note by the Secretariat, TN/S/M/14(26 April 2005)\r\n40.CTS, Communication form Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, The People`s republic of china, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Guatemala, India, Mexico, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines and Thailand, Proposed Liberalization of Mode 4 Under GATS Negotiations, TN/S/W/14 (3 July 2003)\r\n41.CTS, Communication from Canada - On the importance of Mode 3 Commitments, TN/S/W/24(30 September 2004)\r\n42.CTS, Communication form Australia, Canada, Chile, the European communities, Hong Kong China, India, Japan, Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu and United States, Joint Statement on the Negotiations on Computer and Related Services, TN/S/W/38 (25 February 2005)\r\n43.CTS, Communication from Australia, Canada, European Communities, Hong Kong China, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Republic of Korea, Switzerland, the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu and The United States, The importance of Mode 3 commitments, TN/S/W/53(30 September 2005)\r\n44.CTS, Computer and Related Services - Information Note by the Secretariat, JOB(05)/278(11 November 2005)\r\n45.CTS,Australia, Revised Services Offer, TN/S/O/AUS/Rev.1(31 May 2005)\r\n46.CTS,Switzerland, Revised Conditional Offer on Services, TN/S/O/CHE/Rev.1(14 June 2005)\r\n47.CTS, Japan, Revised Offer, WTO Doc. TN/S/O/JPN/Rev.1(24 June 2005)\r\n48.CTS, Canada, Revised Conditional Offer on Services, TN/S/O/CAN/Rev.1(23 May 2005)\r\n49.CTS, India, Revised Offer, TN/S/O/IND/Rev.1(24 August 2005)\r\n50.CTS, Brazil, Revised Offer, TN/S/O/BRA/Rev.1(22 June 2005)\r\n51.CTS, China, Revised Offer, TN/S/O/CHN/Rev.1(29 July 2005)\r\n52.CTS, Hong Kong, China, Revised Offer on Services, TN/S/O/HKG/Rev.1(16 June 2005)\r\n53.CTS, Macao, China, Revised Offer, TN/S/O/MAC/Rev.1(28 July 2005)\r\n54.CTS, Croatia, Conditional Initial Offer, TN/S/O/HRV(27 June 2005)\r\n55.CTS, Iceland, Revised Offer on Services, TN/S/O/ISL/Rev.1(14 June 2005)\r\n56.CTS, Republic of Korea, Revised Offer on Services, TN/S/O/KOR/Rev.1(14 June 2005)\r\n57.CTS, Malaysia, Revised Offer, TN/S/O/MYS/Rev.1(31 January 2006)\r\n58.WTO, Accession of Bhutan, Revised Offer on Specific Commitments in Services, WT/ACC/SPEC/BTN/2/Rev.1(29 August 2006)\r\n59.WTO, Accession of Serbia, Revised Offer on Services, WT/ACC/SPEC/SRB/3/Rev.1(6 November 2007)\r\n60.CTS, Belize, Revised Offer, TN/S/O/BLZ/Rev.1(28 March 2008)\r\n三、參考網站\r\n1.工業總會服務網 http://www.cnfi.org.tw/kmportal/front/bin/home.phtml\r\n2.中華工程教育學會 http://www.ieet.org.tw\r\n3.中華民國全球商業總會 http://60.244.127.66/big5/p1215/htm/2006.html\r\n4.中華經濟研究院台灣WTO中心 http://taiwan.wtocenter.org.tw/www/news.asp\r\n5.行政院主計處 http://www.dgbas.gov.tw/mp.asp?mp=1\r\n6.行政院經濟建設委員會 http://www.cepd.gov.tw/\r\n7.財團法人國家政策研究基金會 http://www.npf.org.tw/\r\n8.國際貿易局網站 http://cweb.trade.gov.tw\r\n9.經濟部工業局 http://www.moeaidb.gov.tw/index_1024.html\r\n10.電子工程專輯 http://www.eettaiwan.com/\r\n11.Organization for Economic Cooperation and development http://www.oecd.org\r\n12.United Nations Conference on Trade and Development http://www.unctad.org\r\n13.World Trade Organization http://www.wto.org/index.htm
描述: 碩士
國立政治大學
法律學研究所
94651019
97
資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0946510191
資料類型: thesis
Appears in Collections:學位論文

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