Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/54454
題名: 來台之大學外籍交換生的華語學習探討—以某公立大學之交換生為例
The Chinese Language Learning of Foreign Exchange Students at College Level in Taiwan- A Case Study in a Public University
作者: 李豫
Lee, Yu
貢獻者: 信世昌
Hsin, Shih Chang
李豫
Lee, Yu
關鍵詞: 交換學生
華語文教學
語言政策
exchange student
teaching Chinese as a second language
language policy
日期: 2011
上傳時間: 30-Oct-2012
摘要: 近年來,隨著高等教育國際化的浪潮,全台各大學無不致力於外籍學生的招收,近年來來台交換學生人數之急遽增加即為一例。而除了專業課程外,華語學習亦為交換生在台生活重要之一環,可幫助其解決生活上之語言困難,亦可使其藉由語言之學習了解中華文化。品質優良且針對性高的華語課程,為吸引交換學生來台之誘因之一,可見華語課程之設計與提供與交換學生之招收息息相關。\r\n\r\n 基於以上背景,筆者在此研究中藉由問卷調查、訪談及課堂觀察等三種方式蒐集資料,並以某公立大學為對象,將其於99學年度春季期入學且選修華語課程之交換學生進行個案探討,檢視目前交換學生華語學習之情形,目的在於(一)了解交換學生之背景與學習特性,並檢視各項可能影響其華語學習之因素。(二)深入瞭解目前交換生對於華語課程之意見,包括對於教師、教材、教學法及上課內容等。(三)了解行政人員對於交換生華語課程之規劃情形與華語教師在教學中所遇到的困難。(四)藉由以上幾點,分析該校目前華語課程之優缺點,並且提出對未來華語課程之改進建議。\r\n\r\n 筆者將上述所蒐集之資料進行分析及探討,發現交換生確有與其他類型之外籍學生不同之華語學習特性—其多屬短期且初級之華語學習者,且華語學習多半並非來台交換之主要目的。然而,因目前提供之華語課程設計普遍無法配合交換生之學習需求、交換生本身華語學習之特殊性未被重視及提出討論,以及學校目前缺乏完善的華語課程配套措施等若干原因,導致學生學習動機低落、教師教學困難及學校資源浪費等結果,此現象值得注意。\r\n\r\n 最後,筆者針對上述之發現,分別對於該校國合處、華語中心及華語教師三方面提供未來可能之改進建議。關於國合處,筆者建議:(一)釐清華語課程之責任歸屬(二)將「華語」及「文化」課程結合(三)華語獎學金配套措施之改善(四)加強學生課外華語接觸機會;關於華語中心,筆者建議:(一)加強對交換生之課程規劃及教材設計(二)設置專任或常任之特別班教師(三)注意特別班程度不齊的問題(四)設立特別班課程評鑑機制;關於華語教師,筆者建議:(一)捨棄以課本為核心的教學(二)聽說為主、讀寫為輔的上課方式(三)實用取向的上課內容(四)上課要求的提高(五)教師間教材的分享與合作(六)善用任務教學法、結合活動教學。本研究之分析與建議,可在目前來台交換生總數急速成長的情形下,提供各大學交換生華語課程改進之參考。
參考文獻: 中文部分\r\n\r\n王文科(1986)。教育研究法。台北:五南。\r\n王保進、郭玟杏(2005)。歐盟高等教育區域計畫之發展及其啟示。教育研究月刊,137,35-55。\r\n吉豔豔(2008)。伊拉斯謨項目對我國交換生項目的啟示。理論月刊,11,146-148。\r\n吳明清(2008)。教育研究:基本觀念與方法之分析。台北:五南。\r\n吳濟華、陳錦麗(2009)。台灣高等教育國際化策略研究。論文發表於台灣公共行政與公共事務系所聯合會、國立中山大學主辦之全球化下新公共管理趨勢與挑戰─理論與實踐研討會,高雄市。\r\n宋東(2006)。美國大學全球結盟,勢力難擋。天下雜誌,360,118-121。\r\n李素琴、胡麗娜(2010)。從「伊拉斯謨項目」到「伊拉斯謨世界項目」:歐盟高等教育的國際化發展。比較教育研究,4,36-40。\r\n岳丹薇(2009)。任務型教學在初級華語教學上之成效。國立台灣師範大學華語教學研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。\r\n林生傳(2003)。教育研究法-全方位的統整與分析。台北:心理。\r\n林金定、嚴嘉楓、陳美花(2005)。質性研究方法:訪談模式與實施步驟分析。身心障礙研究,3(2),122-135。\r\n邱皓政(2002)。量化研究與統計分析。台北:五南。\r\n胡幼慧(1996)。質性研究:理論、方法集本土女性研究實例。台北市:巨流。\r\n國立政治大學(2008)。大專校院招收外籍生市場調查與分析研究結案報告(精簡版)。台北:國立政治大學。\r\n張璐 (2005)。來華留學生教育政策述評。評價與管理,4,70-76。\r\n教育部(2001) 。大學教育政策白皮書。台北:教育部。\r\n教育部(2004)。教育部補助大專校院及其附設國語文教學機構設置外國學生獎學金核撥作業規定。台北:教育部。\r\n教育部(2009a)。高等教育招收外國學生政策藍圖(草案)。台北:教育部。\r\n教育部(2009b)。教育部獎勵大學校院推動國際化補助計畫要點。台北:教育部。\r\n教育部(2009c)。萬馬奔騰計畫草案。台北:教育部。\r\n教育部(2011)。高等教育輸出—擴大招收境外學生行動計畫。台北:教育部。\r\n教育部統計處(2009-2011)。教育統計指標之國際比較。台北:教育部。\r\n郭生玉(2001)。心理與教育研究法。台北:精華書局。\r\n陳琦 (2007)。國際交換學生在臺灣學習華語文之探討。國立台灣師範大學華語文教學研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。\r\n黃瑞彬 (2010)。新形勢下的兩岸高等教育。通識教育學報,5,119-130。\r\n黃榮村 (2003)。從國際化觀點展望臺灣二十一世紀的教育,國家政策季刊,2(3),1-26。\r\n黃瓊儀(2005)。任務導向教學法與傳統式教學法之比較研究-以初級華語教學為例。國立台灣師範大學華語文教學研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北。\r\n楊巧鈴 (2004)。高等教育國際化的意義與爭議。教育政策論壇,7(1),101-110。\r\n楊朝祥(1991)。我國高等教育國際化的隱憂與因應。國家政策論壇,1(3), 108-111。\r\n戴曉霞 (2007)。高等教育的國際化:臺灣、日本及荷蘭外國學生政策之比較研究(II)。(行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告,計畫編號:NSC 94-2413-H-009-001)。\r\n謝佳諺、余蕙如(2007)。國小獨立研究常用的研究方法—觀察研究法。載於鄭英耀(主編),高雄市95學年度國小推廣資優教育獨立研究課程教師指導手冊(頁7-26)。高雄:高雄市政府教育局。\r\n\r\n英文部分\r\n\r\nAllen, H. W. (2010). Language-Learning Motivation During Short-Term Study\r\nAbroad: An Activity Theory Perspective. Foreign Language Annals, 43(1), 27-49.\r\nBarron, A. (2003). Acquisition in interlanguage pragmatics: Learning how to do things with words in a study abroad context. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.\r\nByram, M. (1997) Teaching and Assessing Intercultural Communicative Competence. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.\r\nClement, L. R. (1978) Motivational characteristics of francophones learning English. Quebec: Centre International de Recherche sur le Bilinguisme.\r\nCohen, A. D., Paige, R. M., Kappler, B., Demmessie, M., Weaver, S. J., Chi, J.C., & Lassegard, J. P. (2003). Maximizing study abroad: A language instructor’s guide to strategies for language and culture learning and use. Minneapolis, MN: Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition, University of Minnesota.\r\nCohen, A. D., Paige, R. M., Shively, R. L., Emert, H., & Hoff, J. (2005). Maximizing study abroad through language and culture strategies: Research on students, study abroad program professionals, and language instructors. Final Report to the International Research and Studies Program, Office of International Education, DOE. Minneapolis, MN: Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition, University of Minnesota. \r\nColeman, J. (1997). Residence abroad within language study, Language Teaching, 30, 1-20.\r\nColeman, J. (1998). Language learning and study abroad: The European perspective. Frontiers, Fall 1998, 167-203.\r\nCox, R. & Freed, B. (1988). The effects of study abroad on form and function: A comparison of students who have been abroad and those who have not. Ms. Report to the Consortium for Language Learning and Teaching. New Haven, Conn.\r\nDeKeyser, R. (1986). From learning to acquisition? Foreign language development in a U. S. classroom and during a semester abroad. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation. Stanford U.\r\nDeKeyser, R. (1991). Foreign language development during a semester abroad. In B. F. Freed (Ed.), Foreign language acquisition research and the classroom education (pp. 104-119). Lexington, Mass.: D. C. Heath & Co.\r\nDobbert, M. L. L. (1998). The impossibility of internationalizing students by adding material to courses. In J. Mestenhauser, & B. Ellingboe (Eds.), Reforming the higher education curriculum : Internationalizing the campus. (pp.53-68). Phoenix: American Council on Education and Oryx Press.\r\nDufon & Churchill (Edited) (2006). Language Learners in Study Abroad Contexts. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.\r\nDyson, P. (1988). The year abroad. Report for the Central Bureau for Educational Visits and Exchanges. Oxford University Language Teaching Centre.\r\nEllingboe, B. J. (1996). Evidence of internationalization and recommendations for future campus-wide strategies. Working papers on semester conversion & internationalization of the curriculum. Retrieved May 24, 2012, from http://education.umn.edu/IntEduc/Internationalization/internationalization.html.\r\nEllingboe, M. J. (1998). Divisional strategies to internationalize a campus portrait: Results, resistance, and recommendations from a case study at a U. S. university. In J. A. Mestenhauser & B. J. Elliingboe (Eds.). Reforming the higher education curriculum: Internationalizing the campus. Phoenix: American Council on Education and Oryx Press, 198-228.\r\nEuropean Commision (2010). Lifelong Learning Programme- THE ERASMUS PROGRAMME 2008/2009, A Statistical Overview.\r\nFoltz, D. (1991). A study of the effectiveness of studying Spanish overseas. Paper presented at the Pennsylvania State Modern Language Association Annual Meeting, Pittsburgh, PA.\r\nFreed, B. F. (Edited) (1995). Second Language Acquisition in a Study Abroad Context. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.\r\nFreysinger, R.C. (1993). Toward total internationalization: comprehensive institutional reform and global studies—the case of Bradford College. The Journal of General Education, 42(3), 178-190.\r\nGardner, R. G. & Smyth. (1978). Attitudes and behavior in second language acquisition: a social psychological interpretation. Canadian Psychological Review, 19, 173-186.\r\nGrey, M. (2002). Drawing with difference: Challenges faced by international students in an undergraduate business degree. Teaching in Higher Education, 7(2), 153-166.\r\nHaigh, M. J. (2002). Internationalisation of the curriculum: Designing inclusive education for a small world. Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 26(1), 49-66.\r\nHanna G, A.H. Smith, L.D. McLean, & H.H. Stern (1980). Contact and communication: An evaluation of bilingual student exchange programs. Toronto, Canada: OISE Press.\r\nHayward, F. M. (2000). Preliminary status report 2000: Internationalization of U.S. Higher Education. Washington D.C.: American Council on Education. Retrieved May 24, 2012, from http://www.acenet.edu/bookstore/pdf/2000-intl-report.pdf.\r\nJackson, J. (2008). Language, Identity, and Study Abroad: Sociocultural Perspectives. London; Oakville, Conn.: Equinox Pub.\r\nKnight, J. (1999). Issues and trends in internationalization: a comparative perspective. In S. Bond. (Ed.) New world of knowledge: A canadian universities and globalization (pp. 201-238). Ottawa: International Development Research Centre.\r\nKnight, J. (2003). New rationales driving internationalization. International Higher Education, 33, 2-3.\r\nLiskin-Gasparro, J. (1984). Comparison of the oral proficiency of students of Spanish in a study abroad program and those in regular academic programs. Unpublished manuscript.\r\nMagnan, S. S. (1986). Assessing speaking proficiency in the undergraduate curriculum: Data from French. Foreign Language Annals, 19, 429-38.\r\nMauranen, A. & Markkanen, R. (1994). Students Abroad: Aspects of exchange students’ language. Finlance, 13, i-vii.\r\nMcBurnie, G. (2000). Pursuing internationalization as a means to advance the academic mission of the university: An Australian case study. Higher Education in Europe, 25(1), 63-73.\r\nMeara, P. (1994). The year abroad and it effects. Language Learning Journal, 10,\r\n32-38.\r\nMilleret, M. (1990). Assessing the gain in oral proficiency from summer foreign study. Paper presented at the Summer Meeting of AATSP.\r\nMorris, E. W. (1996). Internationalize the curriculum by internationalizing the faculty (Working papers on semester conversion & internationalization of the curriculum). Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota, Institute of International Studies and Programs.\r\nMurphy-Lejeune (2002). Student Mobility and Narrative in Europe: The New Strangers. Routledge: London.\r\nNilsson, B. (2003). Internationalization at home from a Swedish perspective: the case of Malmo. Journal of Studies in International Education, 7(1), 27-40.\r\nO`Connor, N. (1988, December). Oral proficiency testing of junior year abroad: Implications for the undergraduate curriculum. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Modern Language Association.\r\nOECD (2002). Education Policy Analysis. Paris.\r\nPaige, R. M., Cohen, A. D., Kappler, B., Chi, J.C., & Lassegard, J. P. (2002). Maximizing study abroad: A program coordinators` guide to strategies for language and culture learning and use. Minneapolis, MN: Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition, University of Minnesota.\r\nPaige, R. M., Cohen, A., & Shively, R. (2004). Maximizing study abroad: A students’ guide to strategies for language and culture learning and use. Minneapolis, MN: Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition, University of Minnesota.\r\nPellegrino. V. A. (1998). Student perspectives on language learning in a study abroad context. Frontiers, 4(2), 91-120.\r\nPellegrino. V. A. (2005). Study Abroad and Second Language Use: Constructing the Self. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.\r\nPrabhu, N. S. (1987). Second Language Pedagogy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.\r\nSchoorman, D. (2000). What really do we mean by ”internationalization”? Contemporary Education, 71(4), 5-12.\r\nScott, P. (1998). Massification, internationalization and globalization. In Scott, P. (Ed.). The globalization of higher education. SRHE: Open University Press, 108-129.\r\nVeguez, R. (1984). The oral proficiency interview and the junior year abroad: Some unexpected results. Paper presented at the Northeast Conference on the Teaching of Foreign Language. NYC April 1984.\r\nWelch, A. (2002). Going global? Internationalizing Australian universities in a time of global crisis. Comparative Education review, 46(4), 433-471.\r\nYang, R. (2000). Tensions between the global and the local: a comparative illustration of the reorganization of China. Higher Education, 39(3), 319-338.\r\nYang, R. (2002). University internationalization: Its meanings, rationales and implications. Intercultural Education, 13(1), 81-95.\r\nYlonen, S. (1994). Die Bedeutung von Textsortenwissen fur die interkulturelle Kommunikation – Kommunikative Unterschiede im Biologiestudium an den Partneruniversitaten Jyvaskyla und Bonn. Finlance, 13, 89-113.\r\n\r\n網路資源\r\n\r\n財團法人高等教育國際合作基金會。2012年3月14日。取自\r\nhttp://www.studyintaiwan.org/survey/index.html。\r\n教育部統計處。2012年3月14日。取自http://www.edu.tw/statistics/content.aspx?site_content_sn=29767。\r\n中華人民共和國教育部。 2011年1月8日。 取自http://www.moe.edu.cn/publicfiles/business/htmlfiles/moe/s4960/201012/113562.html\r\nInstitute of International Education. Retrieved Jan 8, 2011, from http://www.iie.org/en\r\nEuropean Commision. Retrieved Jan 8, 2011, from http://ec.europa.eu/index_en.htm
描述: 碩士
國立政治大學
華語文教學碩士學位學程
97161005
100
資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097161005
資料類型: thesis
Appears in Collections:學位論文

Files in This Item:
File SizeFormat
index.html128 BHTML2View/Open
Show full item record

Google ScholarTM

Check


Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.