普拉托諾夫的隱喻使用研究：認知理論與文化學觀點

Abstract

本文擬以二十世紀重要作家普拉托諾夫兩篇長篇小說《切文鼓爾鎮》和《幸運的莫斯科娃》為研究語料，探討普氏的隱喻使用。主要理論架構系採用萊可夫及彌強生的隱喻認知理論。而實際分析理論是採用共同主持人巴蘭諾夫所發展的「描述符導向隱喻分析」，該理論中隱喻是以一組描述符呈現，反映出目標域及來源域的隱喻映現。描述符導向的隱喻理論所使用的分析用語言，曾經應用於俄國「重建改革」時期政治論述的隱喻使用，並獲得驗證。研究主題可分為兩個層面，分別為認知理論與文化學層面。根據上述理論分析的結果可分離出普氏的主要概念式隱喻，也是從而作為文化概念分析的基礎（文化學層面之隱喻使用研究）。普拉托諾夫的文化遺產遍及文學藝術、科技及哲學領域，在俄羅斯二十世紀文化中顯得獨特而宏偉。本研究的成果預計對隱喻使用理論、普拉托諾夫學及二十世紀俄國文化理論具有一定貢獻。

The purpose of the proposed project is analysis of A. Platonov』s metaphors in two novels: 「Chevengur」 and 「The Lucky Moskva」. As a theoretical mainframe of the study will be used a cognitive theory of metaphors, developed by G. Lakoff and M. Johnson. A practical instrument of analysis is descriptor-oriented theory of metaphors, developed by A. Baranov, in which a metaphor is represented as a set of descriptors, reflected source and target domains of metaphorical projection. The metalanguage of the descriptor-oriented theory of metaphors was implemented and verified in studies of Russian political metaphors of 「perestroika」 age. The proposed project presupposes creation of computer data-base, in which contexts of metaphor usage in Platonov』s novels will be introduced. The processing of the data, represented in the data base, will make it possible to analyze metaphorical models, typical for A. Platonov』s style, and to compare it with the structure of metaphorical models, presented in Russian political discourse.