杜斯妥也夫斯基小說的「袪魔」母題---以「叛逆」、「漫遊」與「長老」概念為框架(II-I)

Abstract

杜斯妥也夫斯基的研究具有泛人文的特質並且包羅萬象，本研究整合語言學和文學研究特點，擬參酌宗教、哲學、歷史和心理學的研究成果，由概念語言學等多種途徑探討杜氏作品中的「祛魔」母題。本文旨在闡明俄羅斯文化中三個重要的概念：「叛逆」、「漫遊」及「長老」在杜氏作品，尤其是《卡拉馬助夫兄弟》中的具體藝術呈現。「叛逆」、「漫遊」及「長老」作為詮釋「祛魔」母題的工具，可以暸解「祛魔」系杜氏晚年作品之核心思想，並可藉以說明杜斯妥也夫斯基主要作品作為東方基督教思想的具體呈現，在現時的先進科技文明情境所呈現的意義。「祛魔」作為一個母題有其宗教脈絡，且仍屬於文化話語，不僅涵蓋藝術形象，更包括有關於「罪」、「魔」和「惡」等概念的隱喻體系，我們使用俄國精神文化中活絡的「叛逆」、「漫遊」及「長老」等概念，作為標誌文本思想結構的主軸，能提供讀者適切理解與詮釋杜氏文本思想的工具，進而滲入杜氏的生命與創作所代表的俄國特質。本計畫最後成果擬以學術專書體現，俾提供台灣學界及社會大眾深入杜氏作品的藝術與精神世界之路徑，且使大眾更能理解杜氏作品之性質，在科技文明為主導的全球化社會提供另一種對照思維。

This study on Dostoevsky’s main works bears a pan-humanities and all-embracing features, which will examine the motif of “Exorcism” in it`s real and the allegoric sences. The works of Dostoevsky will be explored from the viewpoint of conceptual linguistics by integrating the characteristic features of linguistic and literary studies, and refering to the achievement of religion, philosophy, history and psychology. The main idea of this research is to clarify the artistic expression of three major concepts in the Russian culture, especially in Brother Karamazov, through the method of the conceptual linguistics: “Rebel”, “Wandering” and “Elders”. Using these concepts as tools to annotate the motif of “Exorcism”, we can not only understand that “Exorcism” is the main subject in the later works of Dostoevsky but also explain the meaning of his works in the atmosphere of nowadays highly-advanced technology world as the concrete embodiment of the thinking of Eastern Orthodox Church. “Exorcism” as a motif has its own religious context, it nevertheless belongs to cultural discourse. It not only covers the artistic image but includes the metaphoric system of the concepts of “sin”, “devil”, “evil” etc. In this research, We use the active concepts in the Russian spiritual culture: “Rebel”, “Wandering” and “Elders” as the axis to generalise the content of text structure and then permeate through the Russian characteristics which the author’s life and works stand for.