都市更新中的公民參與和政府角色：以台北市永春社區為例

Abstract

現今我國都市更新爭議眾多，時常有居民反映於參與過程中受到阻礙，無法達到公平且實質的公民參與，而導致居民權益受損。因此本文以對所需資訊的取得及知情、自我意見的主張及溝通以及對決策的實質影響力三項標準，檢視台北市永春社區的公民參與情形。而政府在都市更新的推動過程中如何發揮公權力監督、協調及執行，都將影響居民權益及都市更新成果。因此，本研究旨在探討都市更新中的公民參與情形及政府角色，並以台北市永春社區都市更新案(簡稱永春案)做為個案，希望透過研究給予改善建議以保障居民權益。\n 透過研究發現可知，整體公民參與情形仍需改善，在永春案的公民參與過程中，居民在所需資訊的取得及知情上，雖可透過會議說明瞭解規劃內容，但在取得部分所需資訊時卻受到阻礙；而在自我意見的主張及溝通上，居民雖可充分陳情，但面臨爭議時卻無法達到雙向溝通；最後，居民並無實質決策影響力，審議委員及政府主管機關才擁有最終決策權。而政府角色較為消極且被動，永春案中，政府監督時被動審理，面對行政救濟回應性不足，消極規避協調責任，面對代為拆除的爭議，更以拖待變。\n 為改善都市更新的公民參與情形，本研究建議在參與過程中應以居民作為公民參與主體，確保住戶退出都市更新的決定權，並落實都市更新的實質協商；同時為確保政府積極發揮公權力，本研究建議政府應於規劃階段積極行使公權力，並應監督參與過程的公平及提高回應性，且應主動完結爭議，以保障居民權益。最後，本研究建議我國應轉向都市再生的都市更新思維，以保障居民權益，並使都市更新具有公共利益。

There are many controversies in urban renewal, and many residents’ participation is blocked. There is no fair and real citizen participation, that causes residents lose their rights. This thesis examines the participation in Yong-Chun community through ’’access and knowing of required information’’, ’’claim and communication of residents’ own opinions’’, and ’’residents’ influence of making policy’’. How government uses public power to supervise, coordinate and execute in the process to promote urban renewal will affect rights of residents and achievement of urban renewal. Therefore, the propose of this thesis is to explore public participation in urban renewal and the role of government, and conducts a case study of Yong-Chun community. The author wants to protect rights of residents by providing research proposals.\n The study found the participation in Yong-Chun community needs to improve. In the access and knowing of required information, although residents can understand planning through explanation in conferences, they were hampered in the access of some information. In the claim and communication of residents’ own opinions, although residents can express themselves well, there was no mutual communication in the dispute. In the residents’ influence of making policy, residents lacked real decision-making power, and only members in committee and government had final authority to make policy. The role of government is passive, the government supervised planning passively; lacked enough responsiveness to administrative remedies; evaded the responsibility of coordination; and delayed the implementation of demolishment.\n To improve public participation in urban renewal, the study suggests that we should regard residents as the center of participation; ensure residents could withdraw from urban renewal, and fulfill real coordination in urban renewal. To ensure government exercises public power positively, the study suggests that government should exercise public power actively in the planning stage; supervise the fairness in participation and increase responsiveness to residents, and resolve controversies initiatively to protect the rights of residents. Last but not least, the study suggests that government should convert their thinking to urban regeneration, so that the rights of residents can be protected, and enough public interest in urban renewal. \nKeywords: Urban Renewal; Public Participation; The role of government; Yong-Chun community.