基於MPEG-7技術與使用群眾註記方法建置個人圖像檢索資料庫

Abstract

隨著個人數位影音紀錄裝置的日益普及，每個人所拍攝的照片與影片都是逐年快速地增加。然而在存放照片與影音檔案的經驗裡，當檔案的數量越來越多的時候，檔案管理以及如何快速地找出自己想要的照片便成了一大難題。除此之外，存放照片檔案的硬碟空間遭受自然災害與人為因素所造成的毀損，則是導致檔案遺失的情形發生。\n\n圖像可以藉由註記標籤的方式加以檢索，而照片也能夠上傳到網路相簿加以分享與儲放，然而目前許多的網路個人相簿系統發現有以下幾項缺點：(1)情境感知(Context-Awareness)標籤不足，(2)缺少群眾註記標籤功能，(3)無法搜尋相簿裡的相片。於是本研究提出以MPEG-7為基礎的架構，擴增其XML文字標籤的方法加以描述每張照片的資訊，提供更豐富的標籤資訊以便於相片檢索的方法。\n\n本研究的圖像資料庫檔案以智慧型手機做為主要的獲取來源，藉由智慧型手機的感知器(Sensor)提供自動註記標籤、協助註記標籤以及自行輸入內容的標籤。此外，系統也藉由Facebook社群平台，達到群眾註記標籤的功能。於是透過圖像註記標籤的方式，達到圖像檢索的目的。

With the growing popularity of personal digital photography and video recording devices, the number of photographs and videos each person takes increases tremendously every year. However, storing such large quantity of digital files can cause major problems in archive management and retrieval. The occurrences of natural disasters and man-made accidents also contribute to the increasing trend of archive loss in data and photograph storage devices.\n\nAlthough images uploaded on web albums for storing and sharing can be retrieved using annotation tags, many network personal albums systems were found to have the following disadvantages: (1) lack of context-awareness tags; (2) lack of crowd-annotate tags functions, and (3) lack of annotated tags-search functions. Thus, this paper proposes a search architecture based on MPEG-7 and an expanded XML schema of the MPEG-7 architecture to describe photographic information and to provide richer information annotations for photograph retrieval.\n\nThis study uses images files obtained from smart phones to examine image retrieval through image-annotated tags. Four forms of annotation tags were examined: automatic annotations, semi-automatic annotations and user-generated annotations by smart phone sensors, as well as crowd-generated annotations on Facebook.com.