從區域創新系統的觀點探討創意城鄉中文化創意產業的發展

Abstract

本本研究的主要目的是從區域創新系統的觀點來探討創意城鄉與文化創意產業的發展。隨著產業的外移以及中國大陸經濟體的興起，我國需要快速轉型至以強調創新為主的創意經濟。而在城鄉的發展上，也需要透過產業創新與文化創意做為城鄉再生的動能。然而，這種同時結合城鄉與產業的發展，是如何運作的呢？其關鍵的活動為何？成功的因素又為何？似乎都仍有很多的疑問。另外一方面，因為本研究議題一方面牽涉到「區域性」與「產業群聚」的概念，也和廠商的創新行為與創新體系有關，因此，本研究從區域創新系統的觀點來探討創意城鄉與文化創意產業的發展，以三義（木雕）與鶯歌（陶瓷）兩城鄉的手工藝產業做為深入實證研究的對象，並以Philip Cooke 的理論為基礎加以延伸。初步研究的結果顯示，我國創意城鄉與地區性文化創意產業的發展上，的確受到大陸低價型經濟很大的影響，而需要進行轉型。在轉型與發展創新的過程中，地方政府、協會與博物館都扮演了相當重要的整合者之角色，惟因為缺少研究機構與大專院校的支撐，普遍上創新能力不足。一旦碰到低價競爭者，很容易陷入困境。未來的發展上，建議我國中央政府要能夠在資源上與政策上做更大力的投入。

The study aims to explore the creative city, economy, and industry from the perspective of regional innovation system. With the rise of China＇s economy and moving overseas of industries, Taiwan needs to transform itself into a innovation-based economy by renovating city and regional industry. However, it seems there are still more questions than solutions for the transformation process. For examples, what \r\nwill be the key activities? And what will be the key success factors? In addition, the study is concerned with the issues of ＇regional＇ and ＇industry clusters＇ on one hand and the innovative behavior of companies on the other hand. Hence, we adopt the concept of regional innovation system (RIS), mainly based on that from Philip Cooke, to investigate the\r\ndevelopment of creative city and creative cultural\r\nindustry, and select the handicraft industries of\r\nSanyi wood sculpture and Yingge ceramics as our main research subjects. The preliminary results indicate that the local government, industrial association and museum are all play a very important role as an integrator during the process of transformation and innovation. However, the innovation performance\r\nseems not to be good enough due to lack of research institutes and universities. Thus, they are quite vulnerable once they face competition from low cost producers. The study suggest our central government must put more effort to assist the enhancement of innovative capabilities in both resources and policies areas.