保險法關於複保險規定之問題與修正建議

Abstract

複保險制度，主要在於避免因要保人重複投保的事實，以化整為零的方式，分別自不同的保險人處獲得超過其實際損害額的保險給付，導致保險法上之損害填補原則遭到破壞。現行法對於複保險之規定有許多問題存在，本文擬分析現行法的規範缺失，並且提出具體之修正建議。包含修正保險法第37條惡意複保險的法律要件及效果；第38條善意複保險下，各保險人對內對外如何負保險給付之責；新增第38條之1針對消極保險所發生的重複填補情形的處理方式；以及第23條關於複保險的銷除機制之建立等，全盤探討我國複保險法制之規範。

The Regulations about double insurance in Insurance Act prevent from the over-indemnity of the losses of policyholder and the moral hazard. But the existing provisions have various problems and these lead to the unjust enrichment of the insured. On the other Hand, the protection of insured seems insufficient by the rule of pro rata liability of insurers. This article analyzes the defects of the regulations and makes a proposal of the Amendment of the Insurance Act.