中國大陸產業升級對廠商薪資外溢效果之影響

Abstract

本文使用1998 年至2006 年中華人民共和國國家統計局之「中國工業企業統計數據庫」探討產業升級的過程中，產業內廠商所受到的薪資外溢效果。我們發現當一個產業內有技術升級的現象時，產業內廠商的平均薪資會有所提升，其中非內資企業及內資非國有企業會受到較大的正向薪資外溢效果，但國有企業會受到負向的效果。我們同時發現產業升級對產業內原本不同技術層級的廠商會有不同的薪資外溢效果，而其形態可用產業升級所同時帶來的正向生產力外溢效果及負向的競爭效果來解釋。

This paper utilizes the 1998–2006 Annual Industrial Survey Database from the Chinese National Bureau of Statistics（NBS）to study the wage spillover effects of technological upgrade of industry in China. We find that technological upgrade on average will exert a positive spillover effect to firms within the industry, though this positive effect will turn negative among state-owned enterprises. We also find that spillover effects differ among firms with different initial technological levels, and these heterogenous effects can be explained by the interactions of positive productivity effects and negative competition effects.