職業及產業特性對台灣勞工長工時選擇的影響

Abstract

本計畫希望嘗試探討台灣勞工長工時的現象，並將重點放在不同職業或產業勞工間工時的差異。在近期國外文獻中強調，人們的工時選擇不只著眼於工時長短對現在所得的影響，亦重視現在工時對未來所得的影響。這意味著倘若各職業或產業間其增長工時所帶來的未來報酬不同，則其工時亦可能不同。依此概念，本計畫首先預計將建構五個職業或產業特性的指標以不同面向來反應各職業或產業間增長工時未來報酬的不同：職業內長工時溢酬及產業內長工時溢酬；職業內所得不均度及產業內所得不均度；和同一縣市內同職業勞工數。接著，我將利用迴歸模型探討這些指標和勞工工時選擇之間的關係。由於國外文獻上指出不同教育程度及不同年齡的人增長工時所能帶來的長期報酬不同，我亦將依教育程度、年齡等面向分成不同子樣本進行分析。最後，由於近來有文獻指出台灣勞工工時變異數近年來有擴大的趨勢，我將用分量迴歸模型去探討我所建構的指標是否能解釋此一現象。

This project is intended to study the long work-hours phenomenon among Taiwanese workers, and the emphasis will be on the different patterns in working-hours among workers in different occupations and industries. According to recent literature, workers choose their numbers of work hours by considering the effects of work hours on both current income and future income. This implies that if different occupations or industries have different future returns to work hours, then workers may work different numbers of hours. Based on this idea, this project will first construct five measures to reflect the potential difference across occupations or industries in their future returns to work hours: within-occupation long work hour premium, within-industry long work hour premium, within-occupation wage inequality, within-industry wage inequality, and number of workers in the same occupation within the county or city of residence. Next, I will use regression method to investigate the relationship between work hours and these constructed measures. I will also investigate the relationship using subsamples based on different education attainments and ages. Finally, since recent literature documented an increase in the variance of working hours among Taiwanese workers, I will use quantile regression methods to see if the measures I constructed can explain this phenomenon.