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題名: 選票與席次的不比例性對馬來西亞政黨體系的影響
Consequences of Vote-Seat Disproportionality to Party System in Malaysia
作者: 李泰德
貢獻者: 游清鑫
Yu, Ching Hsin
李泰德
關鍵詞: 政黨體系
不比例性
名額不當配置
傑利蠑螈
權力共享
日期: 2013
上傳時間: 1-Oct-2014
摘要: 被視為馬來西亞獨立以來最激烈的2013年全國大選中,獨立至今從未失去執政權的國民陣線,以低於過半數的選票取得近六成的國會議席,在有驚無險的姿態下成功保住執政黨的地位。然而,這項選舉結果為馬國選民與研究者提出了一個很大的疑問:為何取得超過半數選票的反對黨人民聯盟無法在國會中佔有多數席位而掌權?\n\n為了解決這個疑惑,本文將從杜瓦傑法則所提出的選舉制度之機械效應為出發點,就單一選區相對多數決制所產生的選票與議席的比例性如何影響政黨命運的角度提出探討,並具體指出國民陣線利用名額不當配置與傑利蠑螈的操作,在選舉制度的執行面上扭曲選舉結果,使其得票極大化,並鞏固其執政地位。\n\n在進行論證後,本文發現:在單一選區相對多數決的選舉制度下,由於名額不當配置與傑利蠑螈的操作,將可能導致議席與選票的關係產生負向的關係,即獲取較少選票的政黨卻得到較多的議席。而有關結果,也將修正立方律法則與乘冪指數的規律對議席與選票關係之探討。另一方面,由於國陣長年實行的權力共享精神,讓該成員黨以選區的種族比例標準得到議席。因此,雖然行使SMD選制的馬來西亞,在政黨體系卻屬於多黨制。不過在各選區所產生的狀況展現的卻是兩黨制的型態(即一個國陣成員黨對壘單一的反對黨)。因此,本文也試圖修正杜瓦傑法則:在採行單一選區相對多數決選制,當政黨間以結盟方式競選而相互禮讓時,因為將展現多黨制的型態而使得杜瓦傑法則不適用在該國家中。由於各選區展現的確是兩大陣營(馬來西亞的例子:國陣與民聯)的對決,因此若將研究單位細分到選區時,反而將實現杜瓦傑法則的論述。
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描述: 碩士
國立政治大學
政治研究所
101252021
102
資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0101252021
資料類型: thesis
Appears in Collections:學位論文

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