著作採用創新授權機制衍生價值共享之探討

Abstract

著作的功能，除鮮有的孤芳自賞外，多會肩負知識流通及文化傳承的使命，然而現代法制國家對於著作利用，均規定除有合理使用之情事外，必須經授權方得利用，否則即有可能須負侵權之責任，惟著作授權的方式牽涉到交易成本之高低而影響到授權的難昜，更關係到前述使命是否達成；本文即由著作權法之規定，說明授權利用常有之困境進而推介新興授權機制─創作共享（Creative Commons）的推展已然賦予活絡授權之新契機，並就國內外已形成四個類似新授權分享知識流通的聚落，以個案剖析其中創用主體、創作客體、取用成本、各自具備之智慧財產價值及有無侵權情事發生等面向加以比較，淬取形成觀察智慧財產價值的新思維，最終則導引出現代著作權一旦採用新授權機制將可衍生價值共享、侵權不再之新生機，造就知識公共園地眾人同享之理想境地。

Aside from personal enjoyment, creative works bear the responsibility for disseminating knowledge and culture. For modern nations, conditions of fair use as well as licensing are prerequisites for the utilization of creative works, lest the user assumes responsibility for infringement. The licensing mechanisms employed largely determine transaction costs, which in turn determine functionality; and the entire process is further constrained by the aforementioned responsibility.This paper will discuss common licensing difficulties and prescribe creative commons as a new licensing mechanism that will enhance licensing flexibility; Through cases studies, it will also analyze four newly developed clusters of shared licensing and knowledge dissemination mechanisms in terms of their licensed subjects, objective creativity, usage costs, inherent intellectual property values, and instances of infringement. Through this, I hope to create a new process for interpreting intellectual property values, which will lead to a new licensing mechanism that, once adopted, will give way to shared derivative benefits and end infringement, to create an ideal environment for the knowledge public domain.