戰後台灣與日本阿美族研究之評析：以相關學院期刊研究取向為中心的討論

Abstract

結束日本統治之後的台灣，關於阿美族的民族學研究出現了不同的趨勢。本文試圖整合並比較台灣本地與日本學界的研究成果，審視半個世紀來阿美族研究出現過哪些研究成果，試圖釐清台日兩地研究對話的成效，從而尋求可再繼續努力的方針。首先台灣研究的部份，挑選了三個傳統積累最多的研究期刊進行分析，早期偏重田野記錄、體質調查，後期逐漸延伸各種文化變遷主題。至於日本方面的研究，主要參考笠原政治及陳文德等整理的學術成果目錄以及研究史論述。整體來看，日本統治台灣結束後，日本的相關研究不再能進行普遍考察，勢必走向觀念的探討，情況類似台灣的發展，研究多半集中在南勢阿美與海岸阿美，也使得卑南阿美的研究無法銜接戰前日本學界的水準。最後，本文從重要研究主題：親屬制度爭論、地域差異、歷史情境、人類學理論發展等方面，從中思考阿美族研究史所面臨的理論挑戰。 After the end of Japanese rule in Taiwan, different trends of the ethnological research concerning the Amis appeared. This paper tries to integrate them into one and compare the outcomes of the research in Taiwan and Japan. It also examines all of the research outcomes of the past half a century, tries to distinguish the result of the dialogue between Taiwanese and Japanese scholars, and then keeps looking for direction to possible improvement. First, the part of Taiwanese research, three traditional journals which collect most of the research will be chosen to analyze. They are Bulletin of the Department of Ethnology and Sociology / Bulletin of the Institute of China Border Area Studies / Bulletin of the Department of Ethnology, Bulletin of the Department of Anthropology, and Bulletin of the Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica. During the early times, it put the emphasis on field records and physical investigation and later gradually extended to various topics of cultural transition. As for the Japanese research, it mainly refers to the catalogue of the academic result and the treatise of research history from Kasahalasegi and Chen Wen De, etc. Eventually, after the end of Japanese rule, the correlative research in Japan could not keep a widespread investigation and then the study certainly turned to ideas. The condition is similar to the development in Taiwan that the study mostly concentrates on Nan-chih Amis and coast Amis. The study of Peinan Amis can not keep up with the level of the academic circle in the pre-war Japan. Finally, this paper considers theoretical challenges of the Amis history from some important topics: the issue of relative system, regional difference, historical scenario, development of anthropological theories, etc.