婦女接受子宮頸抹片檢查行為意向模式之研究

Abstract

我國婦女子宮頸抹片到檢率雖逐年成長，目前約為30%左右，但遠低於先進國家的70-80%到檢率，顯示我國衛生醫療機關在鼓勵婦女接受抹片檢查的預防行為，仍有極大的努力空間。本研究由人類心理決策觀點出發，應用Ajzen(1985)計畫行為理論(The Theory of Planned Behavior)為架構，整合婦女接受子宮頸抹片檢查行為動機與相關研究，建構具有態度、主觀規範、行為控制知覺等構念之「婦女接受子宮頸抹片檢查行為意向整合模式」，探討影響婦女接受子宮頸抹片檢查行為之因素。本研究採用結構方程式模型(Structural Equation Modeling)分析方法驗證此意向模式。研究結果顯示，「態度信念」、「主觀規範」及「行為控制知覺」對婦女接受子宮頸抹片檢查行為有顯著影響，其中又以婦女對行使該行為的「控制信念」因素影響最為顯著。其政策涵意為政府今後規劃各項到檢率提昇策略時應致力於建立便利且普及的協助，使婦女擁有更多受檢的機會與能力，以降低其受檢之各種阻礙，牌提高其產生實際的受檢行為。

The rate of women’s taking Pap smear in Taiwan, compared with that in the developed countries, is much lower. This study intends to investigate the women behaviors of cervical cancer screening. To do this, a model building of the Pap smear behavior intention for women is also attempted. We examine the antecedents of women behavior in the context of an integrated behavioral model that incorporates a wide variety of important factor form previous research on Pap smear behavior into a single theoretical framework provided by Ajen’s theory of planned behavior. By using this model it allows us to describe the relationship among attitudes, subjective norms, perceive controls and their intentions. This study also tries to use Structural Equation Modeling to testify the underlying factors that affect Pap smear behavior. The major findings of this study indicate that the Pap smear behavior intention for women is prominently influenced by their attitudes, subjective norms and perceive controls. We discuss public healthcare policy implications and strategies of encouraging women to take Pap smear. The governmental promotion campaigns should emphasize establishing convenient and universal assist for women to obtain more capabilities and opportunities for taking Pap smear.