Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/78799
題名: 中國大陸在非洲的投資及其政經成效研析
The Analysis of Chinese Investment in Africa
作者: 王光憲
Wang, Kuang Hsien
貢獻者: 魏艾
王光憲
Wang, Kuang Hsien
關鍵詞: 新殖民主義
「走出去」戰略
經濟合作機制
核心利益
neo-colonialism
“going out” strategy
economic cooperation mechanism
core interest
日期: 2015
上傳時間: 1-十月-2015
摘要: 自中共於2000年明確提出「走出去」戰略,鼓勵具比較優勢的企業對外投資以來,中資企業的對外投資區域迅速遍及全球;投資產業則從資源開發,生產製造,工程營建,到貿易等無所不包。就整體海外投資言,中國大陸在非洲的直接投資所佔比例不高,但卻引起西方媒體注目並稱之為中國對非洲的「新殖民主義」以掠奪非洲的資源。西方媒體和部份學界「標籤化」中國大陸在非洲的投資,其原因主在觸動了非洲原有的利益格局。至於中國大陸對非洲投資的動機,西方學界大多認為:中國大陸在非洲的投資國企是資源尋求;私營企業為市場尋求;從整體言,是轉移剩餘生產力以利結構調整。\n 中國大陸改革開放以來,逐漸把早先對非洲的援助向「互利共贏」的經濟合作轉變。在推動「走出去」戰略之後,中共更於2006年建立「中非發展基金」和「中非經貿合作區」以做為促進經濟合作的機制。至於中國大陸在非洲的投資模式,最受矚目是「以資源換基建」的安哥拉模式,其次為普遍在非洲採行的「工程援助+投資開發模式」。但中資企業由於是後進者,非洲優良的資源資產早已在西方企業手中。中資企業只有進入高風險區域投資,中石油在蘇丹的石油投資即為一例。同時中資企業缺乏海外經驗,簡單核植國內經驗並拙於經營社區關係,以致贊比亞的中資勞動條件竟成為政治的動員工具。\n 除經濟利益外,政治利益才是中共在非洲的核心利益;爭取非洲國家在國際組織的支持以抵消西方國家的影響力是中共對非洲經濟合作的目標;而對非洲經濟合作的競爭力來自於中共的「不干涉」。中國大陸對非洲的直接投資,使中共能以「全球生產網路,緊密的雙邊關係及多邊機制相結合,挑戰歐盟及美國在非洲的影響力」。中國大陸的直接投資明顯改善了非洲地主國的經濟成長和就業,至於期望中資能協助地主國發展則有賴地主國的政策和當地人力資本的改進。
Since the Communist Party of China proposed the “going out” strategy in year 2000, the enterprises with comparative advantages were encouraged to make foreign investment, and the region of Chinese enterprises’ investment has been expanded rapidly throughout the world. Their investment targets are also encompassing - resource development, manufacturing, construction and trade. Compared with the whole FDI of Chinese enterprises, investment in Africa is not a high proportion. But it did catch the attention from Western media with so-called "neo-colonialism” – China as the new predator in Africa. The reason why some western media and academy “stigmatized” China’s investment in Africa lies in the tension within the original pattern of interests. Most western scholars believe: in Africa, state-owned Chinese enterprises are resource-seeking, and private Chinese enterprises are market-seeking. All in all, their goal is to transfer the productivity in surplus so as to reconstruct the domestic economy\nLately after China’s economic reform, China-Africa relationship changed gradually from the earlier aid to a "win-win" cooperation. Because of the "going out" strategy, in 2006 the Communist Party of China even build the "China-Africa Development Fund” and the “China-Africa trade cooperation zone" as mechanism to promote economic cooperation in 2006. Meanwhile, the most noted model of China’s investment in Africa is the Angola model (“resource-for-infrastructure”), and secondly followed by the common "engineering aid + investment model." However, Chinese enterprises are still latecomers, while Western companies hold most of the quality resources. Chinese enterprises have to invest the high-risk areas, such as the oil investments in Sudan. In addition, the lack of overseas experience and the clumsy community relations led to the case of Zambia – labor conditions unexpectedly became a tool of political mobilization.\nIn sum, I argue that political interest - other than economical one - is the true core interest of China in Africa. The goal of China-Africa economic cooperation is to earn the support from African countries and to counteract the power of Western countries in international organizations. The economic competitiveness of China-Africa cooperation comes from the "non-interference" stance of Communist Party of China. Through this direct investment in Africa, the Party is able to “challenge the EU and US influence in Africa with a constellation of global production networks, close bilateral relations and multilateral mechanism”. This direct investment significantly improved the economic growth and employment in Africa, but local policies and reform in human capital are also required if further assistance from Chinese fund is expected.
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描述: 碩士
國立政治大學
東亞研究所
101260007
資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1012600071
資料類型: thesis
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