資源錯置與產業創新模式:以中國大陸，台灣及南韓等新興工業國家之資訊科技產業為例

Abstract

目前既有的文獻在探討經濟體間的總和要素生產力(TFP)的差距時，完全忽略了不同產業對於不同型態的研發投入所造成的資源錯置效果。晚近的研究雖已將區域間的TFP差異進一步歸咎於區域間之不當的生產性資源扭曲所造成的資源錯置效果，然而由於異質性廠商的不完全競爭的研究架構部亦得出個別廠商最適選擇的可加性，以及產業中的個別廠商之非加總的決策資料難於取得，此二原因造成探討探討不同型態研發投入及資源錯置程度的研究仍付諸闕如。針對這個缺失，本研究計畫將從新模型設定及建構廠商資料庫著手改善，如:(1)設計生產部門的個別廠商決策可加總的異質生產者的不完全競爭模型，並在生產函數中引入兩類主要研發投入:產品品質改善的研發以及規模擴張的製程研發，(2)本計畫也將對台灣，韓國以及中國大陸的四個主要資訊科技產業部門: DRAM，面板(LCD)，晶圓代工以及發光二極體(LED)的廠商建構投入-產出資料庫。如此，我們將可以實際計算各個產業之研發投入以及生產性資源投入的資源錯置程度，並討論政策當局可否藉著調整產業的研發獎勵政策以矯正研發投入的資源錯置誠度並藉此提升產業的生產效率。

What is the relationship between R&D investment and resource misallocation within an IT manufacturing sector? This question is left unexplored in the existing studies. The reason to this fallacy is due to the inaggregatability of heterogeneous producers` optimal R&D investment and scale choice in the current imperfect competitive framework as well as the lack of disaggregated firm-level data. To remedy these two problems, we propose an industry-wide measure of total factor productivity (TFP) with which the measured industrial productivity is aggregated by the individual producer`s optimal R&D investment (product and process innovation investment) and scale choice. We also construct a dataset with relevant variables in four IT manufacturing sub-industries: DRAM, LED, Foundry and TFT-LCD in Taiwan, Korean and mainland China. Our computed production efficiency as well as the resource misallocation using a suggested profile of industrial span-of-control setup will suggest a better fitted rationale between industrial R&D promoting policies, with which the industrial productivity can be enhanced.