村上春樹裡面的中國：以〈雪梨的綠街〉、〈開往中國的慢船〉、《聽風的歌》三篇小說為主

Abstract

村上春樹深受中國的影響。其處女作《聽風的歌》（1979）的開頭一節即寫道「所謂完美的文章並不存在，就像完美的絕望不存在一樣。」這段話，我想可能是受了魯迅「絕望之於虛妄，正與希望相同」這段話的觸發吧！村上春樹在高中時代即愛讀魯迅的〈阿Q 正傳〉，有為之傾倒的跡象。其後甚至以日本菁英白領階級的「Q 氏」為主角，寫成短篇小說〈沒落的王國〉。在他可稱得上是正統式的文藝評論《寫給年輕的讀者的短篇小說導讀》一書中，村上也斷斷續續地提及他的「阿Q」論。此外，在中華街座落的港都神戶長大，身為侵華戰爭參與者之子的村上春樹以最初的短篇小說〈開往中國的慢船〉為始，持續書寫了《尋羊冒險記》、《發條鳥年代記》、《黑夜之後》等圍繞著中國的歷史記憶為題的作品。若是撇除中國的話，我想是無法談村上文學的。本文嘗試以村上春樹早期作品為線索，來解讀村上文學裡中國這個主題。

Murakami Haruki was deeply influenced by China. His first work Hear the Wind Sing (1979) begins as follows: "The perfect writing is not in existence as well as faultless desperation." From this citation, we can see that he might be inspired by "Desperation is as well as hope for nihility" written by Lu Hsun. Murakami Haruki was fond of Lu’s True Story of Ah Q in his high school days and had been attracted by him since then. Afterward, he even wrote the short story the Fall of the Kingdom in which the protagonist named "Q" is an elitist white-collar class. In A Guidance of the Short Stories for Young Readership, which can be regarded as an orthodox literary criticism, Murakami intermittently demonstrates his comments on "Ah Q". In addition, as a son of participant being involved in the aggressive war to China, grown up in harbor city Kobe where the China town is located, since his first short story Slow Boat to China, Murakami Haruki’s works, such as A Wild Sheep Chase, The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle, After Dark and so on, constantly focus on the historical memory of China. I think that Murakami literature cannot avoid the issue of China. This paper will examine the issue of China in Murakami literature with Murakami Haruki `s early works.