Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/94844
題名: 外在環境對女性性別歧視與工作家庭衝突的影響
作者: 陳雪君
貢獻者: 李怡青
陳雪君
關鍵詞: 善惡意性別歧視
負向狀態解除
社會認同理論
黑羊效果
女性工作環境
日期: 2009
上傳時間: 9-五月-2016
摘要: 本論文探討外在環境和女性支持性別歧視的關係,透過實驗室的操弄和現實情境的測量進行了解,並探討可能的機制。此外,本論文也探討女性知覺到的負面環境、女性自身的性別歧視和工作家庭衝突的關聯性。根據社會認同威脅理論和Fischer(2006)的研究發現,本論文預期當外在環境對於女性的態度為負向時,女性較支持性別歧視。在實驗室情境中(研究一),藉由訊息價值和訊息來源的操弄,以了解正負面環境和態度來源差異對於女性性別歧視的影響,並透過負向狀態解除和女性次類別評估,探討女性支持性別歧視的可能原因。在現實情境中(研究二),我們請女性填答工作環境量表以測量受試者知覺到的負面環境,並檢驗女性負面環境和性別歧視之間的關係。此外,也檢驗負面環境與女性所經歷的工作家庭衝突有何關係。除了探討女性支持性別歧視的現象與機制外,本論文亦檢驗性別歧視與女性經驗工作家庭衝突的因應策略有何關係。\r\n\r\n 總結來說,本論文有兩個研究。研究一透過實驗法探討女性因負面環境而支持性別歧視的現象,並關心負面來源的影響,藉此檢驗外在環境對於女性支持性別歧視的影響。並透過兩個可能機制:負向狀態解除和女性次類別評估,以了解女性支持性別歧視的可能原因,其中受試者為223位大學女學生。實驗操弄女性受試者得知男性(或女性)對女性的正向(或負向)評價,並經由三種不同作業探討兩種機制,即採2(訊息來源:男性、女性)× 2(訊息價值:正向、負向)× 3(作業:控制組、負向狀態解除、女性次類別評估)實驗者間設計。結果顯示控制組的惡意性別歧視受訊息價值和訊息來源影響。當得知女性對女性有正向評價時,受試者較不支持惡意性別歧視,而善意性別歧視不受訊息價值和訊息來源影響。根據次類別評估作業,本研究發現相較於正向評價組,負向評價組的受試者會貶抑無能力、負向且非典型的女性次類別。此外,透過對女性次類別的評價,受試者的性別歧視不受訊息來源和訊息價值的影響。\r\n\r\n 研究二採問卷調查,以32名已婚且有工作的女性做為研究對象,探討在現實情境中女性知覺負面環境與其性別歧視間的關係,以及知覺負面環境、性別歧視、與女性工作與家庭衝突的關係。有別於研究一使用訊息價值的操弄作為負面環境的激發,研究二使用工作環境量表來測量負面環境。研究結果顯示女性惡意性別歧視與負面工作環境間並無顯著關聯。然而,結果顯示性別角色態度在女性工作環境與善意性別歧視間扮演調節的角色:具有傳統性別角色態度者,其善意性別歧視與工作環境的關聯較不傳統者高,也就是說,性別角色態度較傳統者,知覺越負面的工作環境,其善意性別歧視也越高;性別角色態度較不傳統者其知覺的工作環境與善意性別歧視則無關聯。而在探討負面環境對於工作家庭衝突的影響時,我們發現越知覺負面工作環境,受試者感受的工作與家庭衝突壓力越大。
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描述: 碩士
國立政治大學
心理學系
94752011
資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0094752011
資料類型: thesis
Appears in Collections:學位論文

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