科索沃獨立運動之困境

Abstract

從自然法的角度看，科索沃阿裔應有自決獨立之權利，但相對於1990年代初斯洛文尼亞、克羅埃西亞、波士尼亞──赫塞哥維那、馬其頓相繼脫\\r離南斯拉夫聯邦而獨立，獨立願望最強、奮鬥時間最長、與塞爾維亞種族和\\r文化差異最大的科索沃至今仍無法如願獨立。本文認為阿裔的自決權乃因受\\r制於科索沃歷史地位的爭議、法律地位的束縛、阿裔實力不足以及國際社會\\r不支持等四項障礙而無法實現。在國際社會的態度方面，本文指出「維持區\\r域權力平衡」並非國際社會重要成員不願支持科索沃獨立的主要原因，「區\\r域和平與穩定」才是她們最重要的考量。

From the viewpoint of the natural law, the Kosovar Albanians should have the right of self-determination. But Kosovo, a region with the strongest will for independence, the longest time of struggle, and the greatest differences with Serbia in both race and culture, still cannot achieve its independence until now when compared with Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and Macedonia, which were separated from the Yugoslav Federation and all became independent successively at the early 1990’s. This article argues that the Kosovar Albanians were deprived of the right of self-determination by four obstacles: the historical status, the legal status of Kosovar, the insufficiency of the Kosovar Albanians’\\r power, and the lack of support of the international community. With regard to the attitude of the international community, the author contends that, instead of “the maintenance of regional balance of power,” “the maintenance of regional peace and stability” is the principal reason of western countries not supporting the independence of Kosovo.