地方治理意涵及其制度建立策略之研究─兼論我國縣市推動地方治理的問題與前景

Abstract

在治理觀點已成為今日政府與企業界研究組織運作的普遍觀點下，本文乃嘗試思考其在地方政府層次運用時，所帶來的觀念轉變，以及對現行體制可能形成的影響。本文內容分為三部分：首先，從近年學者研究治理文獻中，歸納分析治理觀點形成的背景、地方治理的意涵，以及對地方政府的影響；其次，根據制度建立的思維，探討地方治理從理念轉化為具體行動時，所可能面臨的制度障礙與發展途徑；最後，從今日我國中央推動之政府改造策略，以及現有地方財政收支統計數據中，思考若我國縣市政府未來欲導入地方治理，其可能面臨的問題，以及可採行的策略建議。筆者認為今日地方治理不應僅止於觀念上的探論或引介，而更需要採行具體行動加以落實。同時，實踐地方治理更是一個制度建立或制度變動過程：地方政府一方面除了要將來自於中央或全球性的治理要求，轉換為制度變革的動力外，另方面也要調整本身體質，以及既有制度潛存的障礙。如此方能在新舊力量互動過程中獲致整合，進而能逐步向治理目標邁進。

Through great promotion by international organization, the idea of Local Governance (LG) is become an important issue in the study of local government. There are two concepts of LG deserve to note: first, it argue that government should not override by market or just run like business, and second, government need to reorganize its functions and refresh its role. This paper study the LG according the idea of institutional building, and the author will compare the gap between concepts and practices of Taiwan’s LG. In conclude, the author argued that LG is not simply a technique or change method, on the contrary, local government should change organizational culture and integrate different efforts under the ideas of LG. Most importantly, local government should rebuild the commitments to citizens and bring them concrete welfare.