論公務人員的勞動結社權與我國公務人員協會

Abstract

結社自由，乃在使人民利用結社之形式以形成共同意志，追求共同理念，進而實現共同目標，為人民應享之基本權利。我國公務人員自民國九十二年開始，亦享有偏向經濟性、勞動性質的結社權，並在人事主管機關銓敘部的鼓勵、輔導下，已有若干公務人員協會成立運作。這些非因公務人員主動爭取人權，且無壓迫性經濟需求下成立的協會，對公務人員利益的爭取，功能有限。不過，公務人員協會未來若能針對議題性質，發揮行政助手、夥伴、或對手之作用，仍有逐步發展的空間。本文也認為，勞動結社的目的在於平衡、挑戰管理權，爭取受僱者的社會、經濟利益，因此，人事主管機關本於主動，鼓勵、輔導、補助成立公務人員協會之作法，並不妥適。

Freedom of association is one of the people’s fundamental rights. Freely forming associations empowers people to build up, pursue, and then realize their common goals. Since 2003, civil servants in Taiwan have legally enjoyed limited rights of this kind, and under the encouragement and guidance of the national personnel administration authority, the Ministry of Civil Service, several associations are in operation. But because their establishment basically did not result from public employees’ struggles for labor rights, and was not directly linked to their own economic demands, the function of associations for public employees is limited to a narrow scope. There is, however, opportunity for those associations to develop and strengthen their capacity by performing as an assistant, partner, or challenger, depending on the issues involved. In this article, the author also points out that the intrinsic purpose of forming a union is to balance and challenge management power, and to represent the public employee’s social and economic benefits. So it is perhaps questionable for the personnel administration authority to encourage, guide, and even finance civil servants to form and join an association.