韓國大德科學園區個案研究-國家創新系統遠景

Abstract

Taedok Science Town(TST) has long history. Almost twenty years had been spent from its planning on 1973 to completion of its physical form on 1992. By 1998, TST tenants are government-supported institutes, private industry research laboratories, government-invested institutes, government agencies, and high educational institutes, total 63. However, contrary to its long history, only little information concerning TST has been introduced to outside of TST. It’s because TST was designed only for R&D without industrial production and also because in the initial stage, TST was purposed to support chaebols scientifically and technically, even the research results belonged to chaebols. Therefore, even within Korea TST was not studied by many entities, but mainly by policy makers.\r\nThis unique situation of TST is very deeply related to Korean national innovation system. In other words, without understanding Korean national innovation system, it’s meaningless to view TST alone. When Korean created record-breaking fast economic development in 1960s, Korean government focused on technology but what Korea had was only human resources. Government as a center of its innovation system reared up strategic industries and intensively supported. Especially Korean government did it by fostering some chaebols, so Korean economy was built by them and also heavily depended on them.\r\nAt that time, TST as designed for supporting those chaebols. Naturally, government-supported institutes in TST took pivotal role in R&D and in other peripheral activities . However, TST system was not static but dynamic. From 1980s, government started supporting small and medium enterprises and to catch up with the world economic changes, government promoted corporate researches to create synergy in TST. When KAIST moved to TST on 1990, it activated corporate researches with many institutes, and created collaborative research culture in TST. Especially, in early 1990s, when Business Incubators introduced into Korea, TBI/TIC/HTVC programs were launched in KAIST under government’s intensive support. Even this BI program is expanding to nationwide. Many young technopreneurs are heading to TST to start their own business with expecting TST’s scientific and technological support.\r\nNow TST in-town institutes are changed new way. Many students and researchers started their own technology-based businesses and creating new culture in TST. In many clubs they made they exchange business opportunities, technical know-how, etc. This new move creates new atmosphere in TST. However, close community of TST and in-town institutes’ networks is still pretty rare. That’s because the industries in community are not matured yet so that they are not ready to absorb technical pool in TST.

TABLE OF CONTENTS\r\nCHAPTER I INTRODUTION..........1\r\nCHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW..........2\r\n2.1 SILICON VALLEY MODEL..........3\r\n2.2 NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM..........14\r\n2.2.1 Brief Introduction of Concept “NIS”..........14\r\n2.2.2 The major institutional actors of the system..........16\r\n2.3 KOREAN NATIONAL SYSTEM OVERALL BY 1980S..........17\r\n2.3.1 Brief introduction of past Korean economy..........17\r\n2.3.2 The fundamental factors of the system..........18\r\n2.3.3 Korean firms’ building of technological capabilities..........22\r\n2.3.4 Modification of National System in 80s..........22\r\n2.3.5 Shifting policies to promote technology-based industries..........23\r\n2.3.6 Structural change in R&D activities..........25\r\n2.3.7 Inter-organizational cooperation..........27\r\n2.3.8 The role of private enterprises technological capability..........27\r\nCHAPTER III FRAMEWORK FOR STUDYING TST..........29\r\n3.1 PURPOSE OF STUDY..........29\r\n3.2 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY..........30\r\n3.3 LIMITATION OF STUDY..........31\r\n3.4 INFORMATION COLLECTION..........31\r\n3.5 INTERVIEW WITH SOME KEY PERSONNEL..........32\r\n3.6 FLO OF STUDY PROCESS..........33\r\n3.7 FRAMEWORK OF STUDY..........37\r\n3.8 ORGANIZATION OF STUDY..........36\r\nCHAPTER IV TAEDOK SCIENCE TOWN..........38\r\n4.1 INTRODUCTION OF TAEDOK CIENCE TOWN..........38\r\n4.1.1 General description of Taedok Science Town(TST)..........38\r\n4.1.2 TST in-town R&D Activities..........50\r\n4.1.3 Basic Conditions for R&D activities in TST..........51\r\n4.1.4 Education and Training Function in TST-KAIST..........63\r\n4.2 IN-TOWN R&D ACTIVITIES OF SOME REPRESENTATIVE INSTITUTES..........69\r\n4.2.1 Research network of Standard and Science research institute’s field..........70\r\n4.2 IN-TOWN R&D ACTIVITIES OF SOME REPRESENTATIVE INSTITUTES..........69\r\n4.2.1 Research Network of Standard and Science research institute’s field..........70\r\n4.2.2 Research Network of Machinery Field..........74\r\n4.2.3 Research Network of Biotechnology field..........79\r\n4.2.4 Research Network in Electronics and Telecommunications field..........83\r\n4.2.5 Research Network in general..........87\r\n4.2.6 Business Incubation circumstances in TST..........91\r\n4.2.7 Representative BIs in Korea..........106\r\n4.3 SOME CHANGES IN TST..........107\r\n4.3.1 Changes of Management of Government-supported institutes..........109\r\n4.3.2 Changes of Outside of TST..........115\r\n4.3.3 Integrated Science & Technology Information System..........118\r\nCHAPTER V DISCUSSION..........123\r\n5.1 TST SYSTEM..........123\r\n5.1.1 Government’s role, initiator and designer of TST by presenting policies..........123\r\n5.1.2 Government-supported Research Institutes..........126\r\n5.1.3 Education and teaching unction of TST, KAIST..........128\r\n5.1.4 Overall system of TST..........129\r\n5.2 U.S. NATIONAL SYSTEM..........130\r\n5.2.1 Government’s Military R&D Funding..........132\r\n5.2.2 University Research and Federal Funding..........133\r\n5.2.3 Research in Industry..........133\r\n5.2.4 Universities, the power engine of Silicon Valley..........134\r\n5.2.5 New industries..........134\r\n5.2.6 University pull and industry cooperation..........136\r\n5.3 BRIEF COMPARISON OF SILICON VALLEY AND TST SYSTEM..........137\r\nCHAPTER VI CONCLUSION..........139\r\n6.1 CONTRIBUTION..........139\r\n6.2 LIMITATION OF STUDY..........141\r\n6.3 RECOMMENDATION FOR FURTHER RESEARCH..........142