論消費者契約之無條件解除權

Abstract

本文首先從聖經法學出發，指出契約所具有之安歇保護功能可作為消保法第十九條無條件解約退款機制的倫理基礎。本文接著說明隨著我國社會經濟環境從傳統農業社會變遷到工商社會，契約兩造也從對等之當事人遞嬗成多為不對等之當事人，這會促使民法上之契約嚴守原則，在交易上重要之消費者契約的必要範圍內，應向消保法上消費者之片面悔約權讓步。本文呼籲我國立法者宜儘速在消保法典內制訂無條件解除權的基本規定，目前至少得透過消保法第十九條以限制列舉的方式，增列包括消費性貸款契約、自用住宅貸款契約，以及自用住宅買賣契約在內之新的消費者契約的保護態樣。展望未來，適用斯項機制之契約清單應與時俱進，由立法者權衡交易成本、消費者保護需求等各項因素後予以定期更新。

The purpose of this article, which is divided into five parts, is to analyze essential problems on the absolute right of withdrawal in the Taiwanese Consumer Contract. Following an introduction concerning the presentation of the notion of contract found in the Holy Bible, Part Ⅱ explains the evolution of its socio-economic background and this factor changes the equal parties of a contract into the binomial relationship of businessconsumer. Part Ⅲ explores the recent development of Taiwanese contract law, especially emphasizing the emergence of a cooling-off period mechanism, which overcomes the principle of Freedom of Contract in the area of consumer protection law. Part Ⅳ researches some legal problems with respect to the generalization of the cooling-off period mechanism in the consumer contract. Part Ⅴ concludes by offering several propositions regarding Taiwanese consumer protection policy.