從俄語被動句看漢語表達特色（以蘇聯科學院1980年《俄語語法》為語言分析材料）

Abstract

本文觀察俄語被動結構不能直接對譯成漢語被字句的情形。由於俄漢語被動句的生成機制不同，使俄漢被動結構並不具備直接對譯的潛勢。觀察兩種語言之間的差異有助我們了解俄漢語言各自的語言屬性與語法規則，並能正確處理兩種語言在被動範疇表達上的互譯。在俄漢教學和翻譯實踐活動中，被動句之間並非存在一目了然的翻譯對應關係，在語言換碼或翻譯時，有必要做出相應的調整，其中，在俄漢被動結構之間的研究與對應上，更要依據漢語的特點進行獨立研究。

Russian and Chinese passive sentences share some similarities. However, because of the difference between the syntactic and semantic features about the passive sentences in Russian and Chinese language, translation from Russian language to Chinese language does not exist in most cases. During the Russian-Chinese teaching and translation task, it should be modified and adjusted to match the actual demands. Besides, it should be concern about the specialty of Chinese language when study the passive sentence of the two languages.