已婚職業婦女知覺之夫妻性別角色及成就差異性與其成功恐懼的關係

Abstract

本研究主要在探討已婚職業婦女所知覺之夫妻性別角色配對、成就差異與其成功 恐懼的關係。 本研究的受試為 328 位已婚的職業婦女，資料的收集是採用問卷調查法。 結果分析採用 2 × 4 （成就差異：妻優或夫優；性別角色配對； 夫妻皆現代、妻現代夫傳統、妻傳統夫現 代及夫妻皆傳統）的變異數分析。依變項為成功恐懼五個分向度分數及整體態度分數。結果 發現，不同之夫妻性別角色配對中，夫妻皆趨於現代的婦女在成功恐懼的五個向度及整體態 度上，普遍較其他三種配對的婦女為低。而妻優組的婦女在成功恐懼的幾個向度上則高於夫 優組的婦女。 另外，婦女個人之性別角色態度的傳統性與其對成功恐懼之整體態度以及各個向度均呈顯著 正相關，亦即性別角色態度愈傳統的婦女，其成功恐懼傾向愈高。婦女知覺到丈夫之性別角 色態度與婦女之成功恐懼的關係亦是如此，即婦女知覺到丈夫的性別角色態度愈趨向傳統， 則婦女便愈會擔心追求事業成功可能帶給自己多方面的困擾。本研究亦對以上之研究結果進 行討論。

Using a sample of 328 working women, the authors tested the hypotheses that women`s perception of couple sex role combination, and a couple`s achievement differences are related to women`s fear of success. Sex role type was categorized as traditional or modern. According to a wife`s and husband`s sex role type, there were 4 types of couple sex role combinations. Achievement difference was categorized as wife superior or husband superior. Results indicated that women belonging to "husband-wife both of modern sex role" group had the lowest fear of success among the four couple sex role combination groups. Women`s sex attitudes were related to their fear of success. Women who perceived their husbands having traditional sex roles worry more about the problems pertaining to job success than women in other groups. The meanings and implications of these results are discussed.