兩岸NGO協力之發展趨勢與分析架構初探

Abstract

中國大陸NGO 研究的重要性與日俱增，相關研究關注NGO、政府與INGO 間的互動關係，並指出INGOs 有偏重與政府合作的趨勢，以及中國大陸NGOs 與INGOs 合作的疑慮仍存。有別於此，本文認為應該補強兩岸NGOs 的互動研究，一則可豐富現有研究論述，二則見證兩岸NGO 協力趨勢，三則強調台灣學者從事中國大陸NGO 研究的價值。據此，本文旨在探討台灣NGOs 的發展經驗，相對於INGOs 在中國大陸的參與模式，是否更能發揮協力中國大陸NGOs發展的目標。 為引發後續研究對前述問題意識的探討，本文運用次級資料分析方法，首先介紹中國大陸NGO 發展現況與體制，凸顯其發展需求與協力限制因素，其次歸納INGOs 與中國大陸NGOs 的協力經驗與限制因素。為分析兩岸NGOs 的協力空間，本文結合社會資本及社會網絡主張，析探有助兩岸NGOs 開展協力關係的分析架構，並舉例分析兩岸NGOs 深耕協力經驗的潛力，為後續協力發展提出策略建議。整體而言，本文主張台灣NGOs 可以比INGOs，更能發揮與中國大陸NGOs 協力的功能，進而發揮中國大陸NGO的自主性與效能。

Researches on Chinese NGOs are increasingly important. Many focus on interrelation of NGOs, governments or INGOs. They indicate that INGOs have a biased tendency to collaborate with governments, and Chinese NGOs sometimes hesitate to collaborate with INGOs. Unlike previous contributions, this article emphasizes on an interaction study between Chinese and Taiwanese NGOs, in order to increase dialogues between research on NGO in China and Taiwan, evidentiate cross-strait NGO collaboration, and highlight values of research on Chinese NGOs. A core question of article is whether Taiwanese NGOs can collaborate with Chinese NGOs better than INGOs. Firstly, the needs for development and hurdles of collaboration for Chinese NGOs were introduced base on literature reviews. Secondly, collaborative experiences and limitations were analyzed. For a clear definition of cross-strait NGO collaboration, an analytical framework of cross-strait NGO collaboration was proposed base on critical elements of the Social Capital Theory and the Social Network Theory. Furthermore, wellknown cases of collaboration were discussed, and strategies for further collaboration were proposed. The final conclusion is that Chinese NGOs will obtain more autonomy and effectiveness for collaboration with Taiwanese NGOs than other INGOs.