台菲漁權爭議之研究 -以「廣大興28號」事件為例

Abstract

2013年5月9日，我國籍「廣大興28號」漁船在台菲專屬經濟重疊海域遭菲律賓公務船開槍掃射，造成船上一名船員死亡，使得台菲雙方關係緊張。以微觀的角度來看，「廣大興28號事件」可定義為單純的台菲漁業糾紛事件；但是以宏觀的角度來看，該事件則牽涉到台灣與菲律賓之間的專屬經濟海域重疊的問題。\n臺灣四面環海，然而隨著國際海洋法的發展，各國相繼主張兩百浬專屬經濟區，造成台灣與周邊國家之間的經濟海域重疊問題日益嚴重。台灣與菲律賓之間因為專屬經濟海域重疊所造成的漁權爭議問題，一直未能妥適解決，因此本論文將先討論台菲漁權爭議的背景以及爭議海域的範圍，再分別由台灣與菲律賓雙方各自的主張與立法加以研究，最後再以台灣與日本簽訂的《臺日漁業協議》模式為核心，並參酌《東海和平倡議》中有關擱置主權、資源共享的精神，研究將《臺日漁業協議》與《東海和平倡議》之經驗與原則運用建立在台菲重疊專屬經濟海域的可能性。

Taiwan fishing vessel Guang Da Xing No.28 was shot by Philippine Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resouces (BFAR) (MCS-3001) on Philippines-Taiwan overlapped Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) on May 9,2013. The incident not merely resulted in a crew member’s death but provoked Philippines-Taiwan much nervousness. In microcosmic view, we could define the event as a common fishery controversy. However, in extensive aspect, the event involves the issue of Philipinnes-Taiwan Exclusive Economic Zon (EEZ) overlap. \n\nTaiwan is encircled by seas. Along with United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) development, every nation insists on their rights to two hundred miles of Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) which leads to Taiwan and its neighboring countries overlapped sea waters issues much agitation. Because the fishery dispute matters haven’t been settled, the study will discuss on the background of Philipinnes-Taiwan fishery debate and arguable territorial waters limits first.Then to analyze both of Philipinnes and Taiwan’s declaration and legislation.Finally,to apply the model of Taiwan,Japan sign disputed isles fishing accord as a core and refer to the spirit of learing sovereignty aside,sharing resources which belongs to the East China Sea Peace Initiative. The study is to deliberate Taiwan,Japan sign disputed isles fishing accord and the East China Sea Peace Initiative experiences and principles, and investigate whether it would be possibly set up a system when the situation happened on Philippines-Taiwan overlapped Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) .